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Hinduism is the only religion where Truth (Sathyam) is given more importance than any other religion. The first lesson a child learns at Gurukulam (School at the residence of a teacher) is Sathyam vada .
‘सत्यं वद। घर्मं चर। स्वाध्यायान् मा प्रमदः।’ ‘Satyam vada; dharmam chara; svãdhyãyãn mã pramadaha’ – ‘Speak the truth. Abide by your dharma. Never be idle in your studies’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 1/11). ‘मातृदेवो भव। पितृदेवो भव। आचार्यदेवो भव। अतिथिदेवो भव।’ – ‘Matruvedo bhava, pitrudevo bhava, atithidevo bhava’ – ‘Know your mother to be like a goddess (i.e. serve her and please her as if she were a goddess), know your father to be like a god, know your teacher to be like a god, know a guest to be like a god’ (Taittireeya Upanishad: 1/11)
This is reflected in the Vishnu Sahasranama (VS) hymn. We have the word Sathya in at least eight names of Gods in the hymn.
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1.Satyah -– Word No.106 in the VS-
One whose nature is Truth. Taittiriya Upanishad 2-1-1 says,
Satyam Jnaanam Anantam Brahma-
Brahman is Truth, Knowledge and Infinite.
Again it says 2-6-1
Sac ca tyac ca – sat meaning manifest as effect and tyac is unmanifested casual condition. Thus as He is all that exists in the manifest and unmanifest conditions He is called Satyah, the True.
According to Aitarenya Aranyakam 2-1-56, Sad iti praanaas tii’tyannam yam ity asaavaadityah – Sat means praanas; iti means Anna(food) and Yam means Sun (Suurya). So he is of the nature of Praana, Anna and Aaditya.
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2.Satyah -– Word No.212 in the VS-
One who is embodied as virtue of Truth specially. The Sruti says,
Tasmai satyam paramam vadanti – Truth is therefore said to be supreme.
Or Brhathaaranya Upanishad 2-3-6 says ,
Praanaa vai satyam, tesam esa satyam- the Paramaatman is the Truth even behind them.
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3.Satya Paraakramah – Word No.213 in the VS-
One of unfailing valour .
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4.Satya- dharma- Paraakramah – Word No.289 in the VS-
One whose excellences like righteousness, omniscience, puissance etc. are all true.
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5.Satyasandhah- Word No.510 in the VS-
One whose Sandha or resolve becomes always true. Chandogya Upanishad says 8-15,
Satya sankalpah – one whose resolution becomes always true.
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6.Jnaanam uttamam – Word No.454 in the VS-
Adi shankra in his commentary says,
That consciousness (Jnaana) which is superior to all , birthless, unlimited by time and space and the cause of all achievements. Taitreeya Upanishad 2-1 says,
Satyam Jnaanam Anantam Brahma-
Brahman is Truth, Knowledge and Infinite.
My comments
This is a very famous quote and we can hear the Bhajan in Sathya Sai Ashram at Puttaparthi. Baba used to sing the Bhajan with these words Satyam Jnaanam Anantam Brahma-in his own voice which was repeated by thousands of devotees assembled there; His life story is given in the book Sathyam Sivam Sundaram).
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7.Satyadharma – Word No.529 in the VS-
One whose knowledge and other attributes are true.
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8.Satyah -– Word No.869 in the VS-
One who is truly established in good people.
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9.Satya dharma paraayanah -– Word No.870 in the VS-
One who is present in truthfulness and righteousness in its many aspects.
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Om in VS
The importance of OM is proved by its presence in all religions that is founded in India. In fact, it is a common symbol for all the oriental religions. In the VS we come across
Pranavah – Word No.409 in the VS-
One who is praised or to whom prostration is made with Om.
Om iti pranauti – so prostration is made with Om . Further Sanatkumaara says pranamantiha vai vedas tasmaat Pranava uchchyate – Vedas do prostrations to Him, so He is called Pranava, says Adi Shankara.
–subham—
Tags- Adi Shaankara, Commentary, Vishnu Sahasranama, Om, Satya, Pranava, Truth, Baba
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