Post No. 13,724
Date uploaded in London – 29 September 2024
Contact – swami_48@yahoo.com
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
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It is very strange Tirumular of Tirumanthiram sings about marine trade and marine life in his book. But even before Tirumular, Andal of Tiruppavai and Appar of Tevaram 600 CE, also refer to Indian ocean as a sea of numerous ships. Both of them refer to the eastern sea of India (Vangam Mali Kadal in Tamil) , what is now known as Bay of Bengal.
The very word Bengal, proper pronunciation Vanga, means boat or ship. Since Asokan times Hindus have been travelling through the eastern sea to South East Asia and beyond. We have proofs in Satavahana coins and Borobudur sculptures. Sanskrit Inscriptions in Vietnam (Champa) also refer to Tamil King Tirumaran of second century CE.
Tamil literary evidence is available from2000 year old Sangam literature. Karikal Choza is praised as one who use the wind power to drive the ships. So, monsoon power was used by Karikal Choza and Asoka before him. Without spending a penny, Buddhist monks and Asoka’s daughter and son were shuttling between Sri Lanka and Bihar according to Mahavamsa. It is no wonder Tirumular uses these words. After Tirumular came Raja Raja and Rajendra Choza, who also went beyond Indonesia.
Here are the references to Marine trade in Tirumanthiram which is a book of Yoga and Hinduism.
2935. தோணி ஒன்று உண்டு துறையில் விடுவது
வாணி மிதித்துநின்று ஐவர்கோல் ஊன்றலும்
வாணிபம் செய்வார் வழியிடை ஆற்றிடை
ஆணி கலங்கில் அதுஇது வாமே. 70
2935: When Pasas Leave Jiva Unites in Siva
A Boat there is in the River Ghat
The Five plant their feet and row;
Thus on the river route they trade;
If in the midst the Rudder wobbles,
That becomes This.
(No more the world trade.)
****
NEELI, the most dangerous Tamil Ghost!
2915. தோணியொன்று ஏறித் தொடர்ந்து கடல்புக்கு
வாணிபம் செய்து வழங்கி வளர்மகன்
நீலிக்கு இறையுமே நெஞ்சின் நிலைதளர்ந்து
ஆலிப் பழம்போல் அளிக்கின்ற அப்பே. 50
2915: Jiva’s Journey in Yoga Sea
He boarded a boat and launched into sea,
He traded well and flourished fast;
The goodly man,
To a She-devil gave his heart,
And in spirit lost droped;
To him as a rich fruit of nectar sweet
Is that Divine Water that flows.
Tirumular also refer to the She Devil of Tamil Nadu who killed 72 merchants as a revenge. Gnana Sambanadar of 600 CE refused to tread the town where the woman ghost killed 72 businessmen.
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2923. நிலத்தைப் பிளந்து நெடுங்கடல் ஓட்டிப்
புனத்துக் குறவன் புணர்ந்த கொழுமீன்
விளக்குமின் யாவர்க்கும் வேண்டிற் குறையாது
அருத்தமும் இன்றி அடுவதும் ஆமே. 58
2923: Give up Worldly Pursuits and Practice Yoga
Digging not the Earth,
The upland Kurava sails seas
And catches fatty fish;
Let him give it up;
(Rather let him the Earth dig)
There is a way of a Rich Catch,
That is Wealth and Food for all.
I interpret this stanza as they cut even canals like Suez canal and Panama canal in the seas.
*****
9. வீணையும் தண்டும் விரவி இசைமுரல்
தாணுவும் மேவித் தருதலைப் பெய்தது
வாணிபம் சிக்கென்று அதுஅடை யாமுன்னம்
காணியும் அங்கே கலக்கின்ற வாறே. 64
Arouse Kundalini to Reach Cranium
Lute and Flute, their melody intermingling,
Siva marched ahead in Cranium within;
Even before the Bargain was struck,
The Land was up there for Him to possess.
****
2930. கொங்குபுக் காரொடு வாணிபம் செய்தது
வங்குபுக் காலன்றி ஆய்ந்தறி வாரில்லை
திங்கள்புக்கால் இருளாவது அறிந்திலர்
தங்குபுக் கார்சிலர் தாபதர் தாமே. 65
2930: Reaching the Moon Sphere-A Mystic Secret
The trade with the One in Ambrosia
None know about,
But those who the Secret Cavern entered;
They know not,
When the Moon rises
No more darkness will be;
Some did reach there and remained ever,
They truly, are the holy beings devout.
Here is the Neeli Story referred to by Tirumular:–
All posts tagged Pazaiyanur Neeli
Ghost that killed 72 Tamil People!
( Tamil version of this article has been posted already. Pictures are from various websites. Thanks: swami )
Posted by me in this blog on 23 December 2012
There are many ghost stories in ancient Indian literature. The most famous one is the Vetal and Vikramaditya. There are stories of Shiva Bhutas, the fore runner of Aladdin and the Magic Lamp stories. I have already written about them and showed those foreign stories are carbon copies of Tamil and Sanskrit stories. Sangam Tamil literature has got innumerable references to ghosts and ghouls, demons and devils.
Not many people know the Tamil Nili or Neeli ghost story that made a lasting impact in Tamil life. Tamils have proverbs and literary references about this ghost. This is a story that shook the ancient Tamil Nadu. Neeli in her second birth took revenge upon 72 people and killed all of them. If there is a Guinness Book of Records entry for a ghost killing large number of people then Neeli will get the first and foremost entry.
Hundred years ago, A Singaravelu Mudaliyar, who published the first Encyclopaedia of Tamil literature under the title Abithana Chintamani in Tamil, narrated the story of Pazaiyanur Neeli.
Tamils have a proverb “Don’t shed Neeli tears” equivalent to Don’t shed Crocodile tears. Neeli has a reference in a poem of Viveka Chintamani. The author famous for his anti women tirade says in one of the verses that we can even trust Neeli, but not the women who throws her charms on anyone.
The story of Neeli spans over her two births. A merchant of Tamil country travelled to the holiest city of Hindus, Varanasi (also known as Benares and Kasi). There he received the hospitality of a Brahmin. His daughter was Navanjani. The guest fell in love with her and married her. He never told them that he was already married in Tamil Nadu. The newly married travelled towards Tamil Nadu with Navanjani’s brother. As they reached Tiru Alankadu in Tamil Nadu, the merchant sent his brother in law to fetch some water and killed her new wife in the meantime. When her brother returned with water he saw the gory scene and hanged himself.
Now the story continues in her second birth:
The merchant was reborn as Darsana Chetty and Neeli and her brother were born as abnormal children. Darsana Chetty was forewarned by astrologers that he may be revenged by a ghost. So he received a magic sword which will protect him. The abnormal children Neeli and her brother killed the cattle in the night and left them with blood stained wounds. Parents of the abnormal children tied the ghostly children to an acacia tree and abandoned them. People from Palaiyanur came and cut the tree for wood when Neeli went for a revenge. Her brother who occupied the tree was left ‘homeless’ and later killed by another man at the instigation of a temple priest.
Neeli went in the guise of a woman with a child. The story goes that the child was created by her from the broken branch of a tree. She made a big scene in front of the village council which consists 70 elders from the Velala caste. She told the council that Darsana Chetty was her husband and the child in her hand was born to him. She pleaded to them to reunite her with her ‘husband’. He tried his best to tell the council that this woman was a fraud. But her cries and tears moved the council and they reached a compromise that he must live with her and the child.
Neeli tried one more trick now. Knowing the power of the magic sword she told the council that there was no need for a sword when there was a child with her. Village council also agreed with her. He told him that his life would be in danger without the sword. Village council promised him that all the 70 will sacrifice their lives in the fire if anything happened to him. The final piece of the gig saw puzzle fell into its place. Neeli killed Darsana Chetty in the night. Next day Neeli herself went in the guise of Darsana Chetty’s mother to the council and asked all of them to sacrifice their lives as promised. Out of the 70 elders, 69 immolated themselves. Neeli was very happy to take revenge upon those who cut the tree and took her brother’s life.
So far she killed 69+1. The story did not stop there. She went after the person who escaped from the council. He went to him in the guise of his daughter and trapped him. He became the 71st victim. Neeli knowing that he finished her job killed the child in her hand by crushing it under her feet. This was the Murder most foul. This story of death of 72 people+ Neeli and her brother made her notorious as Pazaiyanur Neeli. Now the village has got a ‘temple’ for her in the village.
Had it happened in a place like England it would have become a big tourist spot for Halloween day fans.
Silappadikaram, the most famous Tamil epic has another Neeli, which has no connection to Pazaiyanur Neeli.
—subham—
Tags- Marine Trade, Tirumular, Tirumanthiram, Marine Trade: Learn Tirumanthiram through Pictures- Part 8, Neeli, Tamil ghost, She devil
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