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Post No.7518
Date uploaded in London – 31 January 2020
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கிறிஸ்தவர்களைப் பிரித்து பிராடஸ்டண்ட் (Protestant) பிரிவை
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List of popes who died violently
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A collection of popes who have had violent deaths through the centuries. The circumstances have ranged from martyrdom (Pope Stephen I)[1] to war (Lucius II),[2] to a beating by a jealous husband (Pope John XII). A number of other popes have died under circumstances that some believe to be murder, but for which definitive evidence has not been found.
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
In tradition, the first pope, Saint Peter, was crucified upside-down.
- Saint Peter (c.67), traditionally martyred by crucifixion[3]
- Pope Linus (Saint) (c.67-c.76)[4][5]
- Pope Anacletus or Cletus (Saint) (c.79-c.92)[6][4]
- Pope Clement I (Saint) (c.92-c.99), thrown into sea with anchor around his neck[4]
- Pope Evaristus (c.99-c.108);[4][5] not listed in the Roman Martyrology
- Pope Alexander I (Saint) (c.106-c.119);[4][5] recognition as the martyred Saint Alexander (feast day May 3) rescinded in 1960
- Pope Sixtus I (Saint) (c.119-c.128)[4][5]
- Pope Telesphorus (Saint) (c.128-c.138)[4][7]
- Pope Anicetus (Saint) (155-166), traditionally martyred.[4]
- Pope Soter (Saint) (166-175), died a martyr [4]
- Pope Eleuterus (Saint) (175-189), died a martyr[4]
- Pope Victor I (Saint) 189-199, died a martyr[4]
- Pope Calixtus I (Saint) (217-222), died a martyr[4]
- Pope Urban I (Saint) 222-230, died a martyr[4]
- Pope Pontian (Saint) 230-235, condemned to mines in Sardinia and died on island of Tavolara[4]
- Pope Anterus (Saint) Elected 235-12-21, martyred at hands of Emperor Maximus[4]
- Pope Fabian (Saint) Elected 236-1-10 and died a martyr during persecution and Decapitated by Decius.[4]
- Pope Cornelius (Saint) Elected March 251 and died a martyr June 253.[4]
- Pope Lucius I (Saint) Elected 253-6-25 and martyred 254-3-5.[4]
- Pope Stephen I (Saint) Elected 254-5-12 and martyred 257-8-2.[4][1]
- Pope Sixtus II (Saint) Elected 257-8-30 and martyred 258-8-6.[4]
- Pope Dionysius (Saint) Elected 259-7-22 after year of persecutions and died 268-12-26, martyred[4]
- Pope Felix I (Saint) Elected 269-1-5 and died 274-12-30, martyred[4]
- Pope Eutychian (Saint) Elected 275-1-4 and martyred 283-12-7.[4]
- Pope Caius (Saint) Elected 283-12-17 and martyred 296-4-22, but not at hands of his uncle, Diocletian[4]
- Pope Marcellinus (Saint) Elected 296-6-30 and martyred 304-10-25 during persecution of Diocletian[4]
- Pope Marcellus I (Saint) Elected 308-5-27 after 4-year vacancy and martyred 309-1-16.[4]
- Pope Eusebius (Saint) Elected 309-4-18 and martyred in Sicily 309-8-17.[4][8]
- Pope John I (Saint), Elected August 13, 523, during the Ostrogothic occupation of the Italian peninsula. Was sent as an envoy by Ostrogoth king Theodoric to Constantinople. Upon return, Theodoric accused John I of conspiracy with the Byzantine empire. Imprisoned and starved to death on 18 May 526.[4]
- Pope Martin I (Saint) Elected in 649. Died in exile 655-9-16
Murdered popes[edit]
- John VIII (872–882): Allegedly poisoned and then clubbed to death[9]
- Stephen VI (896–897): Strangled[10]
- Leo V (903): Allegedly strangled[11]
- John X (914–928): Allegedly smothered with pillow[12]
- John XII (955–964): Allegedly murdered by the jealous husband of the woman with whom he was in bed[13]
- Benedict VI (973–974): Strangled[14]
- John XIV (983–984): Either by starvation, ill-treatment or direct murder[15]
- Clement II (1046–1047): Allegedly poisoned[16]
- Celestine V (1294–1296): Allegedly murdered while in post-abdication captivity; allegations blame his successor, Pope Boniface VIII[17]
- Boniface VIII (1294–1303): Allegedly (though unlikely) from the effects of ill-treatment one month before[18]
Dubious[edit]
- Pope Hyginus (Saint) (c.138-c.142);[4] martyrdom[19]
- Pope Pius I (Saint) (c.142-c.154), martyred by the sword according to old sources;[20] Claim of martyrdom removed from the 1969 General Roman Calendar after recent revisions[21]
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—–subham—
Tamil and Vedas 