Sita Devi in Asoka Vana, Sri Lanka.Lanka
Post No. 13,896
Date uploaded in London – 17 November 2024
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Dreams in Valmiki Ramayana (Post No.13,896)
We come across three dreams in Valmiki Ramayana. Dasaratha, Bharata talk about dreams in Ayodhya Kanda and Tri Jada, daughter of Vibhishana, describes her vivid dream in Sundara Kanda. All these are based on the Hindu beliefs of dreams. They don’t approve the Freudian or Jungian views.
Hindus believe that they get good or ominous messages in dreams about what is going to happen soon. We see this from the Vedic days until modern times.
Tamil poet Kamban has dealt with Tri Jada’s dream in 14 verses in Tamil
A religious head of Madurai Mutt had written a book about 100 years ago on the condition of departed souls and the way to contact them though Ouija board. He recounted a few dream anecdotes where the departed souls forewarned their family members about the robberies etc.
***
Let us look at Dasaratha’s dream first:
अपि चाद्याऽशुभान्राम स्वप्ने पश्यामि दारुणान्।
सनिर्घाता दिवोल्का च पततीह महास्वना।।2.4.17।।
राम O Rama, अपि च also, अद्य now, स्वप्ने in a dream, दारुणान् frightening, अशुभान् inauspicious events, पश्यामि am seeing, दिवा during day time, सनिर्घाता accompanied by thunders, महास्वना generating great sounds, उल्का meteor, इह here, पतति is falling.
Moreover Rama, these days I see frightening and ominous events in dreams during day time. I see meteors accompanied by thunders falling, generating great sounds.
अवष्टब्धं च मे राम नक्षत्रं दारुणैर्ग्रहैः।
आवेदयन्ति दैवज्ञाः सूर्याङ्गारकराहुभिः।।2.4.18।।
O Rama astrologers also tell me that formidable planets Sun, Mars and Rahu have afflicted my birth star.
प्रायेण हि निमित्तानामीदृशानां समुद्भवे।
राजा हि मृत्युमाप्नोति घोरां वाऽऽपदमृच्छति।।2.4.19।।
When such ominous signs appear, usually the king either meets with death or faces a grave calamity.
तद्यावदेव मे चेतो न विमुह्यति राघव।
तावदेवाभिषिञ्चस्व चला हि प्राणिनां मतिः।।2.4.20।।
Therefore, before my mind is deluded I wish to see you installed as heirapparent for a man’s mind is unstable indeed, O Rama.
अद्य चन्द्रोऽभ्युपगतः पुष्यात्पूर्वं पुनर्वसू।
श्वः पुष्ययोगं नियतं वक्ष्यन्ते दैवचिन्तकाः।।2.4.21।।
Today the Moon is in conjunction with the Punarvasu constellation. Tomorrow the Moon’s conjunction with the Pushya constellation is certain and the astrologers say this auspicious time is highly suitable for the purpose of coronation
Here we see the belief in astrology as well
****
Next comes Bharata’s dream after Dasaratha’s death
Ayodhya Kanada , Chapter 69
[Bharata experiences unhappiness over a distressing and frightening dream.]
यामेव रात्रिं ते दूताः प्रविशन्ति स्म तां पुरीम्।
भरतेनापि तां रात्रिं स्वप्नो दृष्टोऽयमप्रियः।।2.69.1।।
ते दूताः those messengers, यामेव on whichever, रात्रिम् night, तां पुरीम् that city, प्रविशन्ति स्म were entering, तां रात्रिम् that night, भरतेनापि by Bharata also, अयम् this, आप्रियः distressing, स्वप्नः dream, दृष्टः has been seen.
On the very night the messengers were entering the city, Bharata had a distressing dream.
The son of the king of kings (Bharata) felt extremely troubled hen he had an unpleasant dream at dawn.
Observing him grief stricken his peers who always spoke pleasant words, engaged him in a variety of ways in the assembly in order to divert him.
In order to provide mental peace to Bharata, some played stringed instruments while some enacted dramatic scenes, some danced and cracked various kinds of jokes.
The magnanimous Bharata born in the race of Raghus, was not delighted by the conversations and jokes and soothing words of his friends.
Addressing Bharata amidst his companions some one close among them said O friend why are you dejected in spite of being in the company of friends.
Addressing his companion who was speaking thus, Bharata replied, saying Listen to the reason this desolation has overtaken me:
स्वप्ने पितरमद्राक्षं मलिनं मुक्त मूर्धजम्।
पतन्तमद्रिशिखरात्कलुषे गोमयह्रदे।।2.69.8।।
स्वप्ने in a dream, मलिनम् pale, मुक्तमूर्धजम् with dishevelled hair, अद्रिशिखरात् from the peak of a mountain, कलुषे dirty, गोमयह्रदे pool filled with cow dung, पतन्तम् falling down, पितरम् father, अद्राक्षम् saw.
In my dream I saw my father looking pale, with dishevelled hair, his body filled with filth falling from the peak of a mountain into a pool of cow dung.
प्लवमानश्च मे दृष्टस्स तस्मिन्गोमयह्रदे।
पिबन्नञ्जलिना तैलं हसन्नपि मुहुर्मुहुः।।2.69.9।।
I saw my father floating in that pool of cow dung, drinking oil with cupped palms and bursting into laughter again and again.
ततस्तिलौदनं भुक्त्वा पुनः पुनरधश्शिराः।
तैलेनाभ्यक्तसर्वाङ्गः तैलमेवान्वगाहत।।2.69.10।।
Thereafter I beheld him eating rice cooked with sesame seeds, his body besmeared with oil plunging again and again into it (the pool).
स्वप्नेऽपि सागरं शुष्कं चन्द्रं च पतितं भवि।
उपरुद्धां च जगतीं तमसेव समावृताम्।।2.69.11।।
औपवाह्यस्य नागस्य विषाणं शकलीकृतम्।
सहसाचापि संशान्तं ज्वलितं जातवेदसम्।।2.69.12।।
अवतीर्णां च पृथिवीं शुष्कां श्च विविधान् द्रुमान्।
अहं पश्यामि विध्वस्तान् सधूमांश्चापि पर्वतान्।।2.69.13।।
In that dream I beheld the sea being dried up and the Moon fallen onto the ground. I saw the earth as though enveloped by darkness and obscured, the tusk of an elephant worthy of a ride by the monarch broken into pieces, a blazing fire extinguished suddenly, the earth split open, various trees dried up and mountains crumbled and covered with smoke.
पीठे कार्ष्णायसे चैनं निषण्णं कृष्णवाससम्।
प्रहसन्ति स्म राजानं प्रमदाः कृष्णपिङ्गलाः।।2.69.14।।
In the dream, I beheld my father clad in black clothes and resting on a seat made of iron and the women in dark and brownish complexion laughing at him.
त्वरमाणश्च धर्मात्मा रक्तमाल्यानुलेपनः।
रथेन खरयुक्तेन प्रयातो दक्षिणामुखः।।2.69.15।।
Thereafter, I beheld that virtuous monarch bedecked with garlands made of red flowers and his body bedaubed with red sandalpaste, hurrying off southward on a chariot yoked with asses.
प्रहसन्तीव राजानं प्रमदा रक्तवासिनी।
प्रकर्षन्ती मया दृष्टा राक्षसी विकृतानना।।2.69.16।।
Finally I beheld a demoness attired in red clothes with an ugly appearance, dragging the king away as if mocking at him.
एवमेतन्मया दृष्टमिमां रात्रिं भयावहम्।
अहं रामोऽथवा राजा लक्ष्मणो वा मरिष्यति।।2.69.17।।
I had such a frightful dream last night. Either I, Rama, the king or Lakshmana might die.
नरो यानेन य स्स्वप्ने स्वरयुक्तेन याति हि।
अचिरात्तस्य धूमाग्रं चितायां सम्प्रदृश्यते।।2.69.18।।
If one beholds in a dream a person setting out on a carriage yoked to asses, the wreath of smoke ascending from his funeral pyre will be seen soon.
एतन्निमित्तं दीनोऽहं तन्नवः प्रतिपूजये।
शुष्यतीव च मे कण्ठः न स्वस्थमिव मे मनः।।2.69.19।।
So it is for this reason that I am desolate and cannot respond well to your conversation. It appears as if my throat is getting parched up and my mind is ill-disposed.
Both these dreams are about the bad things that are going to happen.
There are some books in Sanskrit about dreams and their meanings. Famous author Varahamihira also has written about dreams.
****
Ravana threatening Sita Devi
Trijata’s Dream in Sundara Kanda
Valmiki has given over fifty couplets to describe the dream of Tri Jada, who had experienced more than one dream.
.
[Trijata narrates her dream]
स्वप्नो ह्यद्य मया दृष्टो दारुणो रोमहर्षणः।
राक्षसानामभावाय भर्तुरस्या भवाय च।।5.27.6।।
“Tonight I had a terrific, horriplating nightmare in which I saw the annihilation of all demons and the triumph of Sita’s husband”.
एवमुक्तास्त्रिजटया राक्षस्यः क्रोधमूर्छिताः।
सर्वा एवाब्रुवन्भीतास्त्रिजटां तामिदं वचः।।5.27.7।।
त्रिजटया by Trijata, एवम् that way, उक्ताः having been spoken, क्रोधमूर्छिताः overcome by wrath, राक्षस्यः shedemons, सर्वाः एव all of them, भीताः terrified, ताम् her, त्रिजटाम् to Trijata, इदम् this, वचः word, अब्रुवन् spoke.
Seized with fear, the she demons, overcome with wrath on hearing Trijata’s words said to her.
कथयस्व त्वया दृष्टः स्वप्नोऽयं कीदृशो निशि।
तासां श्रुत्वा तु वचनं राक्षसीनां मुखाच्युतम्।।5.27.8।।
उवच वचनं काले त्रिजटा स्वप्नसंश्रितम्।
निशि night, त्वया by you, दृष्टः seen, अयम् this, स्वप्नः dream, कीदृशः what did you see, कथयस्व tell, तासाम् of them, राक्षसीनाम् of shedemons, मुखात् from their mouth, च्युतम् slipped, वचनम् word, श्रुत्वा after hearing, त्रिजटा Trijata, काले early morning time, स्वप्नसंश्रितम् all about the dream, वचनम् words, उवाच spoke.
“O Trijata, tell us the kind of dream you dreamt last night”, they insisted. Hearing the words from the mouth of the shedemons, Trijata told them all about her dream.
गजदन्तमयीं दिव्यां शिबिकामन्तरिक्षगाम्।।5.27.9।।
युक्तां हंससहस्रेण स्वयमास्थाय राघवः।
शुक्लमाल्याम्बरधरो लक्ष्मणेन सहागतः।।5.27.10।।
“Rama, in white attire, wearing a garland of white flowers, ascending a palanquin made of ivory drawn by a thousand swans and coursing through the sky with Lakshmana arrived.
स्वप्ने चाद्य मया दृष्टा सीता शुक्लाम्बरावृता।
सागरेण परिक्षिप्तं श्वेतं पर्वतमास्थिता।।5.27.11।।
“I also saw Sita in my dream wearing white robes and perched on a white mountain surrounded by the ocean.
रामेण सङ्गता सीता भास्करेण प्रभा यथा।
राघवश्च मया दृष्टश्चतुर्दष्ट्रं महागजम्।।5.27.12।।
आरूढ श्शैलसङ्काशं चचार सहलक्ष्मणः।
“Just as light is united with the Sun, I saw Sita united with Rama. I saw Rama with Lakshmana riding a huge, mountainlike elephant having four tusks.
ततस्तौ नरशार्दूलौ दीप्यमानौ स्वतेजसा।।5.27.13।।
शुक्लमाल्याम्बरधरौ जानकीं पर्युपस्थितौ।
“Dressed in white garlands and clothes, the two brothers, tigers among men, glowing in their effulgence approached Janaki.
ततस्तस्य नगस्याग्रे ह्याकाशस्थस्य दन्तिनः।।5.27.14।।
भर्त्रा परिगृहीतस्य जानकी स्कन्धमाश्रिता।
“Then from the front of the mountain Janaki shifted to the back of the elephant held by her husband waiting in the sky.
भर्तुरङ्कात्समुत्पत्य ततः कमललोचना।।5.27.15।।
चन्द्रसूर्यौ मया दृष्टा पाणिना परिमार्जती।
“Then I saw the lotuseyed Sita springing up from the lap of her husband and playfully caressing the Moon and Sun with her palms.
ततस्ताभ्यां कुमाराभ्यामास्थित: स गजोत्तमः।।5.27.16।।
सीतया च विशालाक्ष्या लङ्काया उपरिस्थितः।
“Then the excellent elephant was seen halted in the city of Lanka with both princes and the largeeyed Sita mounted on the elephant.
पाण्डुरर्षभयुक्तेन रथेनाष्टयुजा स्वयम्।।5.27.17।।
इहोपयातः काकुत्स्थ स्सीतया सह भार्यया।
“Rama accompanied by his wife Sita came on a chariot yoked to eight white oxen.
लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा सीतया सह वीर्यवान्।।5.27.18।।
आरुह्य पुष्पकं दिव्यं विमानं सूर्यसन्निभम्।
उत्तरां दिशमालोक्य जगाम पुरुषोत्तमः।।5.27.19।।
“Valiant Rama, foremost among men, accompanied by his brother Lakshmana and wife Sita went towards the northerly direction in the wonderful Pushpaka chariot that resembled the Sun.
एवं स्वप्ने मया दृष्टो रामो विष्णुपराक्रमः।
लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा सीतया सह राघवः।।5.27.20।।
“In this way I saw in my dream Rama as valiant as Lord Visnu accompanied by his brother Lakshmana and his wife Sita.
न हि रामो महातेजाश्शक्यो जेतुं सुरासुरैः।
राक्षसैर्वापि चान्यैर्वा स्वर्गः पापजनैरिव।।5.27.21।।
“Just as a sinner cannot attain heaven Rama cannot be won by gods or demons, even rakshasas and others.
रावणश्च मया दृष्टः क्षितौ तैलसमुक्षितः।
रक्तवासाः पिबन्मत्तः करवीरकृतस्रजः।।5.27.22।।
“I saw the body of Ravana lying on the ground smeared with oil, clad in red, wearing a garland of lilies and intoxicated with drinking.
विमानात्पुष्पकादद्य रावणः पतितो भुवि।
कृष्यमाणः स्त्रिया दृष्टो मुण्डः कृष्णाम्बरः पुनः।।5.27.23।।
“Tonight I saw (in another dream) Ravana with shaven head, clad in black clothes, fallen down on the ground from the Pushpaka chariot, being dragged by a woman.
रथेन खरयुक्तेन रक्तमाल्यानुलेपनः।
पिपंस्तैलं हसन्नृत्यन् भ्रान्तचित्ताकुलेन्द्रियः।।5.27.24।।
“He was wearing red garlands and unguents, his body smeared with oil. He was drinking, laughing and dancing, his mind and senses perplexed. He was driving on a chariot yoked to donkeys.
गर्दभेन ययौ शीघ्रं दक्षिणां दिशमास्थितः।
पुनरेव मया दृष्टो रावणो राक्षसेश्वरः।।5.27.25।।
पतितोऽ वाक्चिरा रा भूमौ गर्दभाद्भयमोहितः।
दक्षिणां दिशम् towards southerly direction, आस्थितः started, गर्दभेन after donkey, शीघ्रम् swiftly, ययौ went, राक्षसेश्वरः demon king, रावणः Ravana, भयमोहितः deluded by fear, गर्दभात् of the donkey, अवाक्चिरा: head bent down, पतितः fallen, मया by me, पुनरेव also, दृष्टः saw.
“I saw the demon king Ravana running behind the chariot driven by donkeys in the southerly direction. He was falling with his head bent down and deluded by the fear of the donkey.
सहसोत्थाय संभ्रान्तो भयार्तो मदविह्वलः।।5.27.26।।
उन्मत्त इव दिग्वासा दुर्वाक्यं प्रलपन्बहु।
दुर्गन्धं दुस्सहं घोरं तिमिरं नरकोपमम्।।5.27.27।।
मलपङ्कं प्रविश्याशु मग्नस्तत्र स रावणः।
स रावणः that Ravana, सहसा quickly, उत्थाय got up, संभ्रान्तः bewildered, भयार्तः terrorstricken, मदविह्वलः intoxicated with wine, दिग्वासाः naked (with sky as garment), उन्मत्त: mad, इव like, बहु many, दुर्वाक्यम् bad words, प्रलपन् uttering, दुर्गन्धम् emitting foul smell, दुस्सहम् words of abuse, घोरम् terrific, तिमिरम् dark,नरकोपमम् helllike, मलपङ्कम् pool of filth, प्रविश्य having disappeared, आशु he was, तत्र there, मग्नः drowned.
“I saw Ravana, getting up quickly, in a bewildered state, terror-stricken, totally confused in intoxication. He had gone almost insane, naked uttering words of abuse. Plunged into a pool of filth and emitting foul smell he disappeared into a helllike dark chamber.
कण्ठे बद्ध्वा दशग्रीवं प्रमदा रक्तवासिनी।।5.27.28।।
काली कर्दमलिप्ताङ्गी दिशं याम्यां प्रकर्षति।
Hanuman attacking demons in Ravana’s Palace
रक्तवासिनी a woman clad in red clothes, काली a dark one, कर्दमलिप्ताङ्गी a woman smeared with wet mud, प्रमदा woman, दशग्रीवम् tennecked Ravana, कण्ठे neck, बद्ध्वा having bound, याम्यां दिशम् towards the abode of Yama in the southerly direction, प्रकर्षति was dragging.
A dark woman clad in red, body smeared with wet mud was seen dragging the ten-necked Ravana by his neck towards the abode of Yama in the southerly direction.
एवं तत्र मया दृष्टः कुम्भकर्णो निशाचरः।।5.27.29।।
रावणस्य सुतास्सर्वे दृष्टास्तैलसमुक्षिताः।
तत्र there, निशाचरः nightranger, कुम्भकर्णः Kumbhakarna, मया by me, एवम् in this way, दृष्टः was seen, रावणस्य Ravana’s, सुताः sons, सर्वे all, तैलसमुक्षिताः body smeared with oil, दृष्टाः was seen.
“There I saw the nightranger, Kumbhakarna and also Ravana’s sons, their bodies smeared with oil.
वराहेण दशग्रीवश्शिंशुमारेण चेन्द्रजित्।।5.27.30।।
उष्ट्रेण कुम्भकर्णश्च प्रयाता दक्षिणां दिशम्।
दशग्रीवः ten necked one, वराहेण by boar, इन्द्रजित् Indrajit, श्शिंशुमारेण च crocodile, कुम्भकर्ण Kumbhakarna, उष्ट्रेण च on a camel, दक्षिणां दिशम् towards the southern direction, प्रयाताः were travelling.
“The tennecked Ravana was seen (this time) riding on a boar, Indrajit on a crocodile and Kumbhakarna on a camel all set towards the southerly direction.
एकस्तत्र मया दृष्टः श्वेतच्छत्रो विभीषणः।।5.27.31।।
शुक्लमाल्याम्बरधरः शुक्लगन्धानुलेपनः।
तत्र there, एकः only one, विभीषणः Vibhishana, श्वेतच्छत्रः with white umbrella, शुक्लमाल्याम्बरधरः wearing white garlands and clothes, शुक्लगन्धानुलेपनः with white sandal paste, मया by me, दृष्टः was seen.
“Only Vibhishana was under a white umbrella clad in white, with white garlands and white sandal paste.
शङ्खदुन्धुभिनिर्घोषैर्नृत्तगीतैरलङ्कृतः।।5.27.32।।
आरुह्य शैलसङ्काशं मेघस्तनितनिस्स्वनम्।
चतुर्दन्तं गजं दिव्यमास्ते तत्र विभीषणः।।5.27.33।।
चतुर्भिस्सचिवैः सार्थं वैहायसमुपस्थितः।
विभीषणः Vibhishana, शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः with sounds of conches and drums, नृत्तगीतैः by dancers and musicians, अलङ्कृतः decorated, शैलसङ्काशम् like the mountain, मेघस्तनितनिस्स्वनम् trumpetting like a thundering cloud, चतुर्दन्तम् of four tusks, दिव्यम् wonderful, गजम् elephant, आरुह्य on ascending, तत्र there, आस्ते stood there, चतुर्भिः four,
सचिवैः सार्थम् with ministers, वैहायसम् in the air, उपस्थितः reached.
“(Hailed by) the sounds of conches and drums, and of musicians and dancers, Vibhishana was seen ascending on to a decorated fourtust elephant which was huge like a mountain and trumpting like a thundering cloud. He stood there along with four ministers and reached the aerial region.
समाजश्च मया दृष्टो गीतवादित्रनिःस्वनः।।5.27.34।।
पिबतां रक्तमाल्यानां रक्षसां रक्तवाससाम्।
” A large group of demons was seen collected together, drinking, wearing red garlands and red clothes, singing and playing musical instruments.
लङ्का चेयं पुरी रम्या सवाजिरथकुञ्जराः।।5.27.35।।
सागरे पतिता दृष्टा भग्नगोपुरतोरणा।
“I saw this delightful Lanka teeming with horses, chariots and elephants, archways and towers crumbling and falling into the ocean.
लङ्का दृष्टा मया स्वप्ने रावणेनाभिरक्षिता।।5.27.36।।
दग्धा रामस्य दूतेन वानरेण तरस्विना।
रावणेन by Ravana, अभिरक्षिता protected, लङ्का Lanka, रामस्य Rama’s, दूतेन by a messenger, तरस्विना by powerful, वानरेण by a vanara, दग्धा burnt, मया by me, स्वप्ने in the dream, दृष्टा seen.
In my dream I saw this city of Lanka protected by Ravana burnt down by a powerful vanara, a messenger of Rama.
पीत्वा तैलं प्रनृत्ताश्च प्रहसन्त्यो महास्वनाः।।5.27.37।।
लङ्कायां भस्मरूक्षायां सर्वा राक्षसस्त्रियः।
“All the demonesses in the city of Lanka which had turned dry, reduced to ashes, were dancing, laughing and shouting loudly drunk with oil..
कुम्भकर्णादयश्चेमे सर्वे राक्षसपुङ्गवाः।।5.27.38।।
रक्तं निवसनं गृह्य प्रविष्टा गोमयह्रदे।
“Kumbhakarna and other demon leaders wearing red clothes entered into a pool of cow dung.
अपगच्छत नश्यध्वं सीतामाप्नोति राघवः।।5.27.39।।
घातयेत्परमामर्षी युष्मान्सार्थं हि राक्षसैः।
“(Therefore) go away from here. You will be totally destroyed by Rama who will secure his wife and will kill all of you along with others in great anger.
प्रियां बहुमतां भार्यां वनवासमनुव्रताम्।।5.27.40।।
भर्त्सितां तर्जितां वापि नानुमंस्यति राघवः।
“Rama will not approve of any one abusing or threatening his venerable, beloved wife, who had led a life of exile with him.
तदलं क्रूरवाक्यैश्च सान्त्वमेवाभिधीयताम्।।5.27.41।।
अभियाचाम वैदेहीमेतद्धि मम रोचते।
“Give up these cruel taunts. Speak to her in a cordial manner. We will beg Vaidehi’s forgiveness. I like this kind of action.
यस्यामेवंविधः स्वप्नो दुःखितायां प्रदृश्यते।।5.27.42।।
सा दुःखैर्विविधैर्मुक्ता प्रियं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम्।
“When any demoness in a sorrowful state dreams this kind of dream, she will be relieved of sorrow and will obtain supreme joy.
भर्त्सितामपि याचध्वं राक्षस्यः किं विवक्षया।।5.27.43।।
राघवाद्धि भयं घोरं राक्षसानामुपस्थितम्।
“O demonesses beg her (pardon) now even though you had threatened her earlier. Where is the need to hesitate? There is cause for concern for demons from Rama.
प्रणिपातप्रसन्ना हि मैथिली जनकात्मजा।।5.27.44।।
अलमेषा परित्रातुं राक्षस्यो महतो भयात्।
“O shedemons, this Janaka’s daughter from Mithila who is capable of protecting you against great dangers will be pleased by your submission.
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The direction South is associated with Yama, the Lord of Death. And riding on donkey or a buffalo is also associated with death. In the ancient world they kept the dead bodies in medicinal oil to keep them from decaying. So oily bodies of victims also indicate their imminent death.
Tri Jada’s dream is the longest description of a dream in Hindu literature.
(the passages are taken from https://www.valmiki.iitk.ac.in/ website)
–Subham—
Tags- Dreams, Valmiki Ramayana, Dasaratha, Bharata, Tri Jada, Hindu beliefs,, Ravana
Tamil and Vedas 