Post No. 15,314
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Item 288 War Mongers
Puranānūru 7, Poet Karunkulal Āthanār sang to Chozhan Karikāl Peruvalathān (Karikālan),( kari kaalan)
Karikal Choza was one of the greatest Cholza kings of Sangam Age. The worst thing about the Tamils is they fought among themselves continuously for over 1500 years in Tamil Nadu. Here the poet praised Karikal Choza for setting fire to his enemy towns without considering whether it is day or night. What we hear is the crying of the people. The king plundered the towns of the enemies. This is the message of the poem. Tamils were war mongers.
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289
Karikalan was riding an elephant unlike other kings who rode on a horse. He is called Black Legged or Mr Black Foot. There was a family fighting to get the throne and there was an arson attack against him where he got these black feet. We have a similar named king in Puranas- Kalmasha pada.
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290
Vishnu is praised as having Lakshmi on his chest. Here Karikalan is considered a king where Goddess of wealth and Kingdom resides on his chest refusing to go anywhere else. This is an ancient Hindu belief. Even the kingdom is called Rajya Lakshmi. Prosperity, Wealth, Asset are called Lakshmi in Hindu literature.
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291
Name of the poet
The same poet composed another poem about Karikalan. Commentators guess that his hair was so black even when he was old and so the poet was called Karun Kuzal + Aathan. We see more names in Tamil based on one’s body parts. More poets have Eye in their names such as Big Eye, Red Eye etc.
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Important lines from Puram verse
Your chest is so broad, and Thirumakal (Lakshmi) forsakes others for it.
………………..
You do not consider whether it is day or night to plunder enemy towns, blazing them as their citizens cry loudly.
In Tamil
புறநானூறு 7, பாடியவர்: கருங்குழல் ஆதனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சோழன் கரிகால் பெருவளத்தான் (கரிகாலன்),
மா மறுத்த மலர் மார்பின் Lakshmi in Chest, 5
……………….
எல்லையும் இரவும் எண்ணாய், பகைவர்
ஊர் சுடு விளக்கத்து அழு விளிக் கம்பலைக்
கொள்ளை மேவலை Arson attack and plundering
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292
King is greater than Sun
புறநானூறு 8, பாடியவர்: கபிலர், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சேரமான் செல்வக்கடுங்கோ வாழியாதன்,
Puranānūru 8, Poet Kapilar sang for Cheraman Selva Kadunkō Vāzhiyāthan,
Kapilar is the most famous poet of Sangam age. He had the highest praise from other poets for being a Brahmin of spotless character. Moreover, he was the one who has contributed highest number of poems in Sangam tamil Literature.
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293
Here Kapilar praised Chera King by comparing him with the Sun. According to the poet Sun is defective in many ways. Sun hides behind the mountain (implying Chera King never hides). Sun shines only in the day time (Chera king is shining for ever)
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294
My Comments
Commentators never mentioned Zodiac or Uttarayana (northward march of Sun) and Dakshinayana (southward march of sun). I think Kapilar meant only this when he said மாறி வருதி – you come from various directions.
Another point that I would like to add is the Zodiac. Sun travels in circles mean he moves from one sign to another sign. He completes one circle every year by travelling through 12 zodiac signs.
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295 Sanskrit Words
Note the Sanskrit words Bogam and Mandilam in the poem
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Important lines
He (Chera king) is greatly generous.
O sun which goes rapidly in circles! How can you
compare yourself to Cheralathan with a murderous
army that fights battles?
போகம் (Sanskrit word) வேண்டி – desiring pleasure,
கடந்து அடு தானைச் சேரலாதனை யாங்கனம் ஒத்தியோ – how are you equal to Cheralathan with murderous armies that attack .
வீங்கு செலல் மண்டிலம் (Sanskrit Word) – O sun who goes fast in circles, மலை மறைந்து ஒளித்தி – you hide behind mountains,
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296
Puranānūru 9, Poet Nettimaiyār sang for Pandiyan Palyākasālai Muthukudumi Peruvazhuthi.
Go Brahmanebhya Subhamastu Nityam Loka Samstha Sukino Bhavantu
வாழ்க அந்தணர் வானவர் ஆனினம் – திருஞான சம்பந்தர்
புறநானூறு 9, பாடியவர்: நெட்டிமையார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: பாண்டியன் பல்யாகசாலை முதுகுடுமிப் பெருவழுதி,
This Pandya King was praised in Puram verse six as a great worshipper of Siva and Brahmins reciting Four Vedas. Here Nettimaiyar adds the ancient Hindu prayer that the whole world should live happily. They always mention From Brahmin to people of all castes, From cow to all living beings should live happily. All the Sanskrit dramas and all the Hindu rituals end with this prayer.
வாழ்க அந்தணர், வானவர், ஆன் இனம்!
வீழ்க, தண்புனல்! வேந்தனும் ஓங்குக!
ஆழ்க, தீயது எல்லாம்! அரன் நாமமே
சூழ்க! வையகமும் துயர் தீர்கவே!
***
புறநானூறு 9, பாடியவர்: நெட்டிமையார்,
“ஆவும், ஆன் இயல் பார்ப்பன மாக்களும்,
பெண்டிரும், பிணியுடையீரும் பேணித்
தென்புல வாழ்நர்க்கு அருங்கடன் இறுக்கும்
பொன் போல் புதல்வர்ப் பெறாஅதீரும்,
எம் அம்பு கடி விடுதும், நும் அரண் சேர்மின்” என 5
அறத்து ஆறு நுவலும் பூட்கை மறத்தின்,
கொல்களிற்று மீமிசைக் கொடி விசும்பு நிழற்றும்
எங்கோ வாழிய, குடுமி, தங்கோச்
செந்நீர்ப் பசும்பொன் வயிரியர்க்கு ஈத்த,
முந்நீர் விழவின் நெடியோன் 10
நன்னீர்ப் பஃறுளி மணலினும் பலவே!
He announces in a righteous manner, “Cows,
Brahmins with the nature of cows, women, those
who are sick, and those living in the southern
land with no gold-like sons to perform precious
last rites, take refuge! We are ready to shoot
volleys of arrows!”
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297
Dharma Yuddha- Hindu Wars based on Rules
Kannaki also ordered the Fire God Agni not to burn the above category of people in Silappadikaram.
In other verses of Purananuru ,we see those who have not got sons yet should not undertake any life threatening task or ritual. So, kings always announce before starting a war that all those vulnerable people should keep away from the war zone. We see this in Mahabharata as well. After sun set both the fighting parties even treated injured people.
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298 Kumari Kanda
This poet lived in the age when ancient South Madurai existed. Later the sea devoured a big area in a Tsunami catastrophe including Then Madurai. Here we get important geographic details about Pahruli River that ran in ancient Kumari Region and the Nediyon Hills.
We also get some details about Indra Festival (Ocean Festival). Silappadikaram and Manimekalai, two Tamil epics, give us full details of Indra Festival.
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our king Kudumi, live for long, more days
than the number of sands on the banks of Pakruli River with fine water,
where his ancestor Nediyōn celebrated ocean festivals,
and gave musicians fresh, reddish gold gifts!
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299 Sand Simile
Hindu poets who composed poems in Tamil and Sanskrit wished long life to the kings. They always used infinity years by saying king should live more years than the sand particles on the banks or the number of stars in the sky.
Now we know that the universe has billion, billion stars. No one can even imagine the number of sand particles on any riverbank or sea shore. How clever our poets were!
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300 முந்நீர் Three Waters= Sea
Tamils were great observers of nature. In Tamil only we have a strange name for sea or ocean Three Waters.
Two commentators give two different interpretations.
Sea is composed of River water, Rain water and Spring water and so it is Three Waters.
Another interpretation is that Sea does three tasks Creation, Protection and Destruction like Brahma, Vishnu and Siva.
Both are very scientific. We know how land came from sea and how they would be destroyed in Tsunami at the end.
Spring water: Now only scientists have discovered deep sea hot springs. Probably our ancestors knew this as well.
Imporatnt Lines in Tamil
முந்நீர் – தமிழகம் கிழக்கு தெற்கு மேற்கு ஆகிய மூன்று திசையானும் நீர்வளைவுண்டது. முந்நீர் என்னும் தமிழ்க்கிளவி இம்முப்புறக் கடலமைப்பைச் சுட்டுவது – வ. சுப. மாணிக்கனாரின் ‘தமிழ்க்காதல்’ நூல், ஆற்று நீரும், ஊற்று நீரும் மழை நீரும் உடைமையான் முந்நீர் – ஒளவை துரைசாமி புறநானூறு 9 உரை, நிலத்தைப் படைத்தலும் காத்தலும் அழித்தலுமாகிய நீர் – நச்சினார்க்கினியர் மதுரைக்காஞ்சி 75
Meanings: ஆவும் – and cows, ஆன் இயல் பார்ப்பன மாக்களும் – and Brahmins who have the nature of cows, பெண்டிரும் – and women, பிணி உடையீரும் – and those of you with diseases, பேணி – protecting, தென்புல வாழ்நர்க்கு – to those who live in the south, அருங்கடன் இறுக்கும் – performing final rites, பொன் போல் புதல்வர்ப் பெறாஅதீரும் – and those of you who have not given birth to gold-like sons (பெறாஅதீரும் – அளபெடை), எம் அம்பு கடி விடுதும் – we are going to shoot our arrows நெடியோன் – your ancestor Nediyōn, நன்னீர்ப் பஃறுளி மணலினும் பலவே – many more days than the number of sands on the banks of Pahruli river with good water (பலவே – ஏகாரம் அசைநிலை, an expletive)
To be continued…………….
Tags- Purananuru Wonders 5- Ancient Tamil Encyclopaedia Part 45 , Karikalan, Mudukudumi, Three Waters, war mongers, Arson attack, Kapilar
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Tamil and Vedas 