LEARN TAMIL VERBS ‘BUY’ AND ‘SELL’ (Post No.11,344)

WRITTEN BY LONDON SWAMINATHAN

Post No. 11,344

Date uploaded in London – 11 OCTOBER 2022

Contact – swami_48@yahoo.com

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LESSON FIVE

LET US LOOK AT VERBS BUY வாங்கு AND SELL. வில்

BUY SELL -BOTH BELONG TO DIFFERENT CLASSES OF VERBS IN TAMIL.

SO YOU CAN SEE THE DIFFERENCE IN FUTURE விற்பே (p)ன், வாங்குவே (v)ன் AND PAST TENSES.

PRESENT TENSE IS SAME FOR ALL CLASSES OF VERBS.

WITH STEM YOU SIMPLY ADD kira கிற AND THEN PGN.

PGN is Person, Gender and Number

Verbal endings will change according to PGN

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Look at the columns in the attachments.

Column 1 has present and then present negative

Column 2 has Future and then Future negative

Column 3 has past and past negative. Past is the most difficult one. So I am NOT teaching you now.

If you ask Native Tamil Speakers, they could not explain past tense to you. Because they learn it from parents and books and speak that way.

Neither oldest Tamil Grammar TOLKAAPPIYAM book nor the latter NANNUUL explain it.

One clever foreigner by name DR.GRAUL classified it and made it easier for Non-Tamils to learn the language in a proper way

((Tamil verbs have been classified in a number of different ways, depending on the shape of the morphemes used to mark tense. The Tamil Lexicon uses a schema involving thirteen separate classes; other scholars have proposed smaller numbers of classes but each involve subclasses and there are always exceptional forms that do not fit neatly into any kind of scheme. We use a modification of the 7-class scheme given in Arden (1942:148-9) and Fabricius (1972:vi-vii), which is known in the literature as “Dr. Graul’s classification”.))

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I taught Tamil to foreigners in the University of London (SOAS) through Graul’s classification. Ms Kausalya Hart’s book Tamil for Learners is very good for Non Tamils.

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Let us look at Negative construction today.

If you want to learn Tamil as a foreigner, you need to know the stem to form tenses.

To form the Negatives, you need to know the infinitive.

For Verbs Buy- VAANGA வாங்க,

and for Sell- VIRKA விற்க are the infinitives.

You simply add ILLAI இல்லை with that infinitive.

ILLAI means No, Not இல்லை in Tamil.

I said simply add, sorry, it is not that simple.

In between the infinitive you need to add one more letter to make it smooth (euphonic).

So I Do not or I did not buy will be VAANGAvILLAI

I have inserted v between VAANGA and ILLAI. So it becomes VAANGAvILLAI வாங்க -வி–ல்லை.

In the same way I do not sell or I did not sell will be VIRKAvILLAI விற்க -வி- இல்லை.

I told you already Present negative and Past negative is same in Tamil.

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What about Future Negative?

Go to the Infinitive VAANGA and VIRKAA;

Then add MATT மாட்ட்; then add PGN; Eg. மாட்டேன் (மாட்ட்+ஏன் )

Matten (I), Maattom (we), Maattaay (you), Maatteergal (you in plural),

Mattaar (honorific He or She; used for both gender giving respect)

Mattaan (he), Mattaal (she), Mattaargal (they).

For animals and other low category ‘Vaanga Mattaathu’ வாங்க மாட்டாது (very formal; we don’t use it in conversation), வாங்காது Vaangaathu ( we use it in our day to day conversation)

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One clever foreigner by name DR.GRAUL classified it and made it easier for Non-Tamils to learn the language in a proper way

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I taught Tamil to foreigners in the University of London (SOAS) through Graul’s classification. Ms Kausalya Hart’s book Tamil for Learners is very good for Non Tamils.

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Don’t be scared; Don’t think Tamil is difficult to learn; Practice makes it perfect.

So the rule is

You must know the infinitive of all verbs

Nada/walk= Nadakka

Vaa/Come= Vara

Vaangu/Buy= Vaanga

Vil/Sell = Virka

Po/Go= Poga

Kel/ listen = Ketka

Did you notice the ending sound ‘A’ (ka, ra, ga)

All infinitives finish with ‘A sound