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Post No. 8723

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தமிழ் சம்ஸ்க்ருத  ஆங்கில இலக்கண அகராதி – 4 (Post No8723)

This is part 4 of Tamil, Sanskrit, English Dictionary

From Sanskrit to English

Aksara- syllable

Aksara-samaamnaaya – enumeration of letters

Aghosa- unvoiced

Anga- stem,base

Anadhyatana- not of today ; periphrastic future, first future

Anudaatta- unraised tone

Anunasika- nasal

Anupradaana- external effort

Anusvaara- after sound, nasal sound

Antahsta- in between, semi vowel

Abhyaasa- doubling, reduplication

Ayogavaaha – formed in union with a

Ardha sprsta- half contacted, referring to sibilants

Aluk- no loss of case ending

Alpa prana- unaspirated

Avagraha- separation, pause , represents a missing a

Avyaya- indeclinable word

Avyayibhaava – adverbial compound composed of an indeclinable and a nominal

Aakhyaata- declared, verb

Aagama- augment

Aatmanepada- word for oneself, middle endings, middle voice

Aabhyantara prayatna – internal effort

Itaretara-dvandva- composed whose members are viewed separately

Iisat sprsta – slightly contacted, referring to semi vowels

Udaatta – raised tone

Danda- vertical used in many letters, stick

Danta- teeth

Dantya- dental

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Dasa ghana -Ten classes of Verbs

Bhuu gana- class 1- be

Ad gana- class 2- eat

Hu gana- class 3- offer

Div gana – class 4- play

Su gana- class 5-press

Tud gana- class 6-push

Rudh gana-class 7-block

Tan gana-class 8-stretch

Krii gana- class 9-buy

Cur gana-class 10-steal

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Diirgha – long vowel

Devanagari -script for City of Immortals

Dvandva – two by two, copulative compound, both members are principal. If this compound were dissolved ,

 its members would be joined by and

Dvigu- worh two cows. Karmadaaraya compound that begins with a number

Dvitiiya-second, second letter in each varga

Dhaatu- root

Nanj samaasa- negative compound

Naamadhaatu – the denominative naaman – name, nominal

Naasikya- pertaining to the nose,nasal sound

Nipaata- indeclinable, particle

Pachama- fifth letter in each varga

Pada paatha- word reading- without sandhi- recitation of the individual words of the Vedas

Parasmaipada- word for another, active endings, active voice

Paatha- reading

Samhita paatha- collected reading

Pada paatha – word reading

Karma paatha – step reading

Jataa paatha- twisted reading

Ghana paatha- killer reading

Paada- foot, line

Purusa- person

Prathama- third person, in Sanskrit it means first

Madhyama purusa – second person , middle

Uttama purusa- last, first person in English grammar

Pragrhya- vowel not subject to sandhi

Pratyaya- suffix

Pratyayaanta dhaatu- derivative verb, secondary verb

Prathama- first letter in each varga

Pradhaana- the principle member of a compound

Praatipadika-noun stem

Pluta- floating, vowel held for three counts, protracting,

Bahuvriihi – having much rice, compounds whose

principal is outside itself, whose rice is much

Baahya prayatna- external effort

Bhavisyan- simple future, second future

Bhaavavacana- abstract noun

Bhaave prayoga – abstract construction

Bhuute krdanta- past passive participle

Mahaa praana- aspirated

Maatraa- count, measure, duration, quantity

Muurdhan- roof

Muurdhanya- retro flex

Yananta- the intensive

Yati – pause

Yama – twin , twin sound

Repha- snarl, the sound’ ra’

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Lakaara – the ten tenses and moods

Lat – present indicative , vartamaana

Lit- perfect, paroksabhuuta

Lut – periphrastic future

Lrt- simple future, bhavisyan

Let- subjunctive, aasiih

Lot- imperative, aajnaa

Lan- imperfect, anayadhyanabhuuta

Lin – operative, potential, vidhi

Lun – Aorist, bhuuta

Lrn- conditional , samketa

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Laghu- light syllable,

Linga – Mark, characteristic, gender

Pum Linga – masculine

Strii Linga – feminine

Napumsakalinga- neuter

Luk – loss of case ending

Lyap- ya ending for a gerund with prefix

Vacana- number

Eka- singular

Dvi- dual

Bahu – plural

Varga – set, row, class

Varna- sound, phoneme, letter

Vartamaane krdanta- present participle

Vigraha- an analysis of a compound

vibhakti – division, case

Prathamaa – first, nominative

Dvitiiyaa- second, accusative

Trtiiyaa- third, instrumental

Caturthii- fourth, dative

Panchamii- fifth, ablative

Sasthii – sixth, genitive

Saptamii- seventh, locative

Sambodhana- awakening, arousing , vocative,

not a separate case, but a modification of the first / nominative case

Viraama- pause, oblique stroke that removes the ‘a’

Visesana – qualifying, adjective

Visarga – letting go, ‘h’, often represents final ‘s or r’

Visarjaniya – ‘h’

Vrtti- aggregate formation

Vrddhi- strengthened vowel

Vyanjana- manifesting, consonant

Vyadhikarana- having different objects and forming different cases

Vyadhikarana tatpurusa- compound whose members refer to

 different objects and would be in different cases if dissolved

Vyaakarana – taken apart, grammar

Suddha- pure, simple vowel

Samyukta- connected, complex vowel

Samskrta- put together, perfected, Sanskrit

Samhitaa- togetherness, euphonic junction point

Samhita paatha- collected reading, with sandhi

Recitation of the collected text of the Vedas

Sakarmaka dhaatu – transitive root

Samkhyaa – numeral

Sandhi- combination, connection, junction, euphonic combination

Svara sandhi- vowel sandhi

Visarga sandhi- final h, s or r , sandhi

Hal sandhi- consonant sandhi

Sannanta- the desiderativey

Samaanaadhikarana- having the same object and formed with the same case

Samaanaadhikarana tatpurusa – a karmadhaaraya

Samaasa- compound, put together

Samaahaara-dvandva- compound s whose members are viewed

 as a whole. Last member takes neuter singular ending

Samprasaarana- corresponding semi vowel

Sarva naaman- all name, pronoun, which names anything

Sup- nominal ending

Subanta- having a sup ending, nominal, word taking case terminations

Sthaana- point of articulation

Sparsa- contact, stop

Sprsta- making complete contact, referring to stop

Svara – sounded, vowel, tone

Svarabhakti- fragment of sound

Svarita- moving tone

Hrasva- dwarfish, small, short vowel

Source book — INTRODUCTION TO SANSKRIT – PART  TWO

BY THOMAS EGNES MOTILAL BANARSIDAS, DELHI, 2012

TAGS- TAMIL, SANSKRIT-4, இலக்கண அகராதி – 4

Xxxx Subham xxxxx