Written by London Swaminathan

Post No. 15,725

Date uploaded in London –11 May 2026

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These five couplets show that Tiru Valluvar was great Sanskrit scholar. In Kural 34, he used Sanskrit Manam, Akulam (vyaakoolam) .

In Kural 35, he used Sanskrit expression. Listing some things one by one and then saying these ….. is from Sanskrit Subhasitas and Niti Sataka of Bhartruhari.  Before Tirukkural, we don’t see it in Sangam literature. In Bhagavad Gita, this is the style Lord Krishna follows. No doubt Valluvar was a great Hindu!

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Part 7

Following Translations are used:

1.A Aranganatha Mudaliyar – ANM+2 and B.L. Aranganatha iyer and R. Srinivasa Desikan. Year 1933 

2.S M Diaz, I G of Police- SMD Year 2000

3.GU Pope – GUP. Year 1886

4.Suddhananda Bharathiyar- SB

5.EVS Publishers, Singapore- EVS. Year 1986

6.H A Popley – HAP (not full book) Year 1931

7.Tamil Original

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Tiru Valluvar with his wife Vasuki.

Chapter 4 The Might of Virtue or Aram/Dharma or The Importance of Virtue

31.It is the spirit of righteousness that flings open the doors of heaven and unlocks the treasures of the earth; what else does profit man mor than righteousness? — ANM+2

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31.What more does a man require than virtue, which ends the cycle of births,

And also confers contentment through wealth and fame – SMD

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31.
It yields distinction, yields prosperity; what gain
Greater than virtue can a living man obtain?
Virtue will confer heaven and wealth; what greater source of happiness can man possess ?– GUP.

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From virtue weal and wealth outflow;
What greater good can mankind know?  – SB       31

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31.What brings glory to a man than righteousness?  It gives prosperity ( on earth) and also happiness ( in heaven) –EVS.

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31.Than virtue true what greater good is there for man

It gives eternal bliss and temporal wealth -HAP

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Tamil Original

31. சிறப்புஈனும்; செல்வமும் ஈனும்; அறத்தினுஉங்கு
ஆக்கம் எவனோ உயிர்க்கு

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Vasuki Miracle- The pot is hanging in the middle of the well; for her, Husband is God. When he called her she came  running leaving the pot halfway through the well. It is still there without going down.

32.To dwell in the spirit of the higher law of your being is life, but to forget it is death itself — ANM+2

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32.A man’s adherence to virtue raises him to  great heights;

His failure brings him down – SMD

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32.
No greater gain than virtue aught can cause;
No greater loss than life oblivious of her laws.
There can be no greater source of good than (the practice of) virtue; there can be no greater source of evil than the forgetfulness of it. — GUP.

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Virtue enhances joy and gain;
Forsaking it is fall and pain.   – SB      32

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32.There is no greater good than the practice of virtue; nor is greater evil than the neglect of it –EVS.

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32. Than virtue, greater good doth not exist;

No greater ill than to lose it -HAP

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32. அறத்தின் ஊங்கு ஆக்கமும் இல்லை; அதனை
மறத்தலின் ஊங்குஇல்லை கேடு

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33.Be unwearied in your service in the cause of righteousness and pursue its spirit wheresoever it guides you — ANM+2

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33.Do all the good you can, at all times and places,

And in all the ways possible – SMD

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33.
To finish virtue’s work with ceaseless effort strive,
What way thou may’st, where’er thou see’st the work may thrive.
As much as possible, in every way, incessantly practise virtue. — GUP.

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Perform good deeds as much you can
Always and everywhere, o man!  – SB       33

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33.Do good dees unceasingly, as far as you are able, by thought word and deed –EVS.

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33.By every means, by every way you can,

With never halt, live virtuously- HAP

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33. ஒல்லும் வகையான் அறவினை ஓவாதே
செல்லும்வா யெல்லாஞ் செயல்

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34.Be spotlessly pure in your heart; verily everything is in this one commandment; all else is nothing but a vain show and a hollow symbol — ANM+2

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34.A blemish less mind is the basis of all virtue;

Everything is empty show – SMD

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34.
Spotless be thou in mind! These only merits virtue’s name;
All else, mere pomp of idle sound, no real worth can claim.
Let him who does virtuous deeds be of spotless mind; to that extent is virtue; all else is vain show. — GUP.

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In spotless mind virtue is found
And not in show and swelling sound. – SB        34
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34. To be of pure, spotless mind is real virtue; all else is of no avail –EVS.

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34.Be pure in mind, for that true Virtue is;

All else is merely sound and sham- HAP

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34. மனத்துக்கண் மாசிலன் ஆதல்; அனைத்துஅறன்;
ஆகுல நீர பிற

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35.Steer clear of envy, lust, wrath and bitter speech in your short sojourn on earth; that is the only way to be virtuous ANM+2

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35.Thoughts and deeds fee of envy, greed, wrath and

Bitter words alone, constitute virtue – SMD

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35.
‘Tis virtue when, his footsteps sliding not through envy, wrath,
Lust, evil speech-these four, man onwards moves in ordered path.
That conduct is virtue which is free from these four things, viz, malice, desire, anger and bitter speech. — GUP.

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Four ills eschew and virtue reach,
Lust, anger, envy, evil-speech.   – SB      35
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35.To be free from envy, greed and anger and bitter words is virtue –EVS.

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35.Envy, greed, anger , bitter words- these four

Avoiding, and then pressing on, is Virtue true- HAP

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35. அழுக்காறு அவாவெகுளி இன்னாச்சொல் நான்கும்
இழுக்கா இயன்றது அறம்

To continued……………………

Tags- Part 7, Tirukkural Encyclopaedia, Chapter Four (Kural 31 to 35), Vasuki Miracle, Tiruvalluvar