Parvati Devi (for School children)—Post No.9607

WRITTEN BY LONDON SWAMINATHAN

Post No. 9607

Date uploaded in London – –15 May   2021           

Contact – swami_48@yahoo.com

Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.

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tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com

THIS IS WRITTEN FOR LONDON SCHOOL CHILDREN AND MAY BE USED IN OTHER COUNTRIES AS WELL. I WILL POST MY SUMMARY ON HINDU GODS ONE BY ONE. LORD GANESH , SKANDA/MURUGA  AND LORD SHIVA ARE ALREADY POSTED HERE. THIS IS THE FOURTH  ESSAY IN THE SERIES.

Parvati is the consort/ wife of Lord Shiva and mother of Ganesh (Pillaiyaar) and Skanda (Murugan). She is known as Devi and by several other names like her husband Shiva

Parvati means mountain woman. Her father was from the Himalaya mountains. He had mountain emblem in his flag. Parvati has other names such as Bhagavathi, Ambaa, Maa, Jagan Maathaa, Bhavaani, Shivaani, Umaa and Kaali or Durgaa.

In her normal form she is Paarvati. But when she wants to finish bad people she takes arms in her hands and kill the bad people. At that time, she is called Kaali or Durgaa. Her famous temples are in 51 places in India and outside India. By worshipping her, our bad thoughts will go away.

During Nine Nights Festival, that is Nava raatri festival, all the temples decorate her in different ways and different forms. On the tenth day ‘Vijaya Dasami’ (Dasaraah) she kills the Asura. She killed a buffalo headed demon called Mahisaasura. This famous scene is everywhere in India.

She rides a tiger or a lion. That means she can control even the wild animals. She has up to 16 hands. That shows her power. Her two hands can do 16 hand jobs at the same time as your mother. She helps her children, her husband and does household jobs like cooking and cleaning. In her normal form she is red or yellow in colour. In her angry mood she is shown as black. Kaali means black.

Like a mother, she has lot of love, kindness, and compassion. She helps people voluntarily.

TWO STORIES

One day she asked her husband Lord Shiva ‘who helps little creatures like ants?’ Shiva said to her that HE helps everyone in the world. To test whether it is true or not, she hid some ants in a box at the feeding time. When Shiva came back after his work, she told that he forgot to feed some ants. But Shiva told he helped all the creatures on earth. She told him that the ants she hid in the little box did not get food. Shiva asked her to open the box and the ants were eating rice. Parvati was surprised.

Like every mother she loves all her people. One day she saw a poor man without food. She requested Shiva to give him money or food. Shiva told her that men also should THINK and TRY to get money or food. He threw a bundle of currency before the poor man. At the same time, he played Hide and Seek game. He closed his eyes for the sake of the play and walked closing his eyes. Thus he missed the currency bundle. Even if god is ready to help, we must also TRY our level best. God helps who helps themselves.

In Tamil Nadu Parvati has names like Meenaakshi, Kaamaakshi and Visaalaakshi in Kasi. Like Shiva she also has 1008 names. Hindus call it Lalithaa Sahasranaama. When you are a grown-up boy or girl you must read it. Most of the names have beautiful stories.

Hindus are the only people in the world who worship Goddess. In villages she has different names and they will tell you the stories behind each name. Most important name of her is Shakti. It means POWER. Every one of us need power and energy and strength to do anything. So Shiva placed her on his body. He gave half of his body to her. This is also pictured as Ardhanari (half woman). It has a moral lesson for children. Father and Mother are equally important. Together only they do everything.

Without mother no one can live happily. The love of mother to the child is most touching. She forgives all your mischiefs and mistakes. That is why Hindus say ‘Maathaa, Pithaa, Guru Deivam’. Maathaa= Mother comes first. All the three are Gods to Hindus. So give respect to your Mother, Father and Guru/teacher.

Your mother gives you and others food every day. In Sanskrit she is called Annapurani (poorani). It means she has lot of food for everyone. For Hindus the holiest place on earth is Kaasi. Another name is Vaaraanasi. There the goddess is named Annapoorani. The meaning is Food Goddess. In the same temple God Shiva is called Viswanatha or Visveswaran. The meaning is Lord of the World.

Let us all worship the ever- loving, most compassionate, and most powerful SHAKTI and get all the good things in the world.

Tamil poet Bharatiyaar has sung lot of songs on Shakti. In Sanskrit a great saint by name Aadhi Shankara has sung several songs (hymns)

Ask your mother or teacher to teach you at least one song.

Om Shakti!

****

Durga Statue,posted by Lalgudi Veda

tags- Parvati, Durga, Bhavani, Annapurani, Visalakshi, Kasi

Oldest City in the World: Varanasi/Kasi/Benares

Written by London swaminathan

Research Article No.1864; Dated 14 May 2015.

Uploaded in London at 12-07

“There is hardly any city in the world that can claim greater antiquity, greater popular veneration than Banaras”- P V Kane

Varanasi also known as Kashi and Benares is the oldest city in the world. Those who believe that Mahabharata war was fought just before the dawn of Kaliyuga in 3102 BCE would agree with me. King of Kasi is also mentioned in the Mahabharata. Before Mahabharata, we have references to Varanasi in the Vedic literature as well. Those who believe in encyclopaedias written by English only knowing lot may dis agree with me.

The archaeological proof we could get so far from Varanasi region takes us back to 900 BCE only. Those who witnessed the recent floods that destroyed Kedarnath temple and the Nepal earth quake that destroyed the Muktinath temple could understand that the enemies of Indian civilization are the floods and earth quake in addition to Muslim invaders. The changing course of Rivers Sarasvati, Sindhu, Ganga and Yamuna destroyed the oldest parts of our civilization. The monsoon rains coupled with the scorching sun make everything crumble into dust.

Three tributary rivers Varuna, Assi and Rajapur of Ganga contributed significantly to the make up of Varanasi. The city’s name came from the two rivers Varuna and Assi.

Following are the evidence for Kasi to enter the Records Book, as the oldest city in the world:

1.Why did Lord Buddha choose Kasi (Saranath is its suburb) to deliver his first lecture, particularly when he attained enlightenment in Buddha Gaya? He avoided all the places such as Kapilavastu (Nepal), Pataliputra/Patna, Gaya in Bihar, Rajagriha and came all the way to Saranath, part of Kashi area to deliver his most famous lecture. This is because Kashi was the holiest city in the whole of India and the oldest.

2.Kassites who ruled Babylonia from 1500 BCE, but settled there from 1800 BCE bore names in a language related to Sanskrit. Like Mitanni, who have very pure Sanskrit names (from 1400 BCE), they also spoke a language related to Sanskrit. All the encyclopaedias “dodge and escape” by saying that their origins were not known. The fact is that they migrated from Gangetic plain, like Saurashtra (Zoaraster) migrated to Iran from Saurashtra coast of Gujarat (Please read Kanchi Paramacharya’s (1894-1994) talk on Zoaraster/Saurashtra.

3.Most of the Jataka stories are centred around Kashi and the previous births of the Buddha are attributed to that city, because that was the oldest city in the world. Several stories begin with ,”Once upon a time when Brahmadatta was reigning in Kashi”. They wrote this “once upon a time” story 2300 years ago! So once upon a time for them meant at least 1000 years ago!

4.Jain literature also supports that Kashi was one of the oldest cities. Mahavira was the 24th Tirthankara who was Buddha’s senior. Before Mahavira there 23 were Tirthankaras and the seventh one Suparsvanath was born in Benares. Jains believe that the 23rd Tirthankara Parasvanath, also born in Benares, was Krishna’s contemporary in 3200 BCE. So seventh must be well before that period!

5.Ancient Varanasi was a famous education centre. Anyone who follows a new philosophy must go to Kashi and win over the scholars there in philosophical debates. It was an unofficial University – a unique Indian institution. Scholars used to stand in street corners and invite others for debates. We have to compare this with other cities of the world where prostitutes or beggars were standing in the street corners!

Scholars and “Scholars”

6.If one doesn’t know the culture of a country and write something, then the person’s ignorance will be revealed. At Maski, a megalithic deposit, a burial of a child was found with a pottery disc on the chest of the child’s body. Earlier “Scholars” described it as the play object of the child. But actually the Vedic rituals say that a kapala should be offered on the body of the diseased (AvalayanaGrihya Sutra 4-3-5). Kapala is a mud disc. Other Grihya sutras also describe the Kapalas as offerings in Vedic rituals. Literal meaning of Kapala is ‘broken piece of clay pot or a pot shred’. Such kapalas are discovered in various places in the Gangetic plain establishing its antiquity.

7.The earliest human occupation in Varanasi is found in the Atharvaveda (5-22-14) according to which Kasis are the indigenous people wo lived in Varanasi region. The name Kasi came from these people.

8.The name Kasi denotes (in the plural) the people of Kasi (Satapatha Brahmana 13-5-4-19). The Satapatha Brahmana tells of Dhrtarashtra, King of Kashi, who was defeated by Satanika Satrajita. We hear also of Ajatasatru as a king of Kasi (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad) and another king Bhadrasena Ajatasatrava of Kasi.

The River Varnanavati is referred to in the Atharva Veda (A.V. 4-7-1). It was known as Varuna in later literature.

9.Compound words Kasi-Videha and Kasi-Kausalya occurring in Brahmanas indicate the friendship between these kingdoms. Ayodhya, Capital of Kosala (Kausalya) is also one of the oldest cities in the world which is linked with the first Jain Tirthankara, Rishaba/Adinath.

10.Amba, Ambika and Amabalika are the three daughters of King of Kashi. They were abducted by Bhisma in a swayamvara ceremony. Abduction is one of the eight types marriages approved by Smritis (Hindu Law Books). Oldest Tamil work Tolkappiam also lists this type of marriage. It is well known from this story that several kingdoms including Kashi existed at the time of Mahabharata war. Conservative estimates date the war to 1500 BCE. Kalhana dates it to 2600 BCE. Hindu scriptures date it to 3150 BCE.

Hindus’ holiest city has a glorious history!