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Post No. 9097
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Katapayaadi system uses letters in Sanskrit alphabet for numbers
LATEST RESEARCH SHOWS THAT ‘KA-TA-PA-YA’ NUMERAL SYSTEM OF HINDUS HAS ITS ORIGIN IN SAMA VEDA. JAIMINI AND VARARUCHI ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THIS SYSTEM. IT SHOWS THE UNIQUE WAY OF HNIDU THINKING AND MATHEMATIAL KNOWLEDGE OF HINDUS.
EVEN NUMEROLOGY HAS ITS ORIGIN IN KA- TA- PA- YA- ADI SYSTEM. ‘JAYA’ IS THE WELL KNOWN NUMBER IN THIS SYSTEM. ‘JAYA’ MEANS MAHABHARATA, JAYA MEANS NUMBER 18 AND JAYA MEANS VICTORY. NUMBER 18 (1+8=9) MEANS GREAT VICTORY AFTER A BIG LOSS AND STRUGGLE.
MOST IMPORTANTLY IT HAS CONNECTION WITH INDUS- SARASVATI RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATION. LIKE KA-TA-PA-YA- ADI SYSTEM INDUS/SARASVATI PEOPLE ALSO WROTE FROM ‘RIGHT TO LEFT’.
KA TA PA YA – ADI SYSTEM TAUGHT THE WORLD A NEW CODED LANGUAGE . THAT IS USING NUMBERS TO CONVEY SECRET MESSAGES. EVEN VATSYAYANA IN HIS KAMA SUTRA TEACHES WOMEN A NEW CODED LANGUAGE (Please read my earlier articles on Coded language in Kamasutra and Tamil numbers in Akananuru)
TAMILS ALSO FOLLOWED VEDIC SYSTEM AND ALLOCATED CERTAIN MUMBERS FOR THEIR POEMS. IN AKA NAANURU, CONSISTING OF 400 VERSES ON SEX AND FAMILY LIFE, WE SEE A MATHEMATICAL APPROACH.
LIKE PANCAKAM (5 VERSES), ASHTAKAM (8) , DASAKAM/PATHIKAM (10), SATAKAM (100) AND SAHASRAM (1000) TAMIL POETS ALSO COMPOSED POEMS.
XXX
THE RULES OF KATAPAYADI SYSTEM
A vowel not preceded by a consonant has value 0.
In a conjunct consonant the value of the last consonant has to be taken.
A consonant not followed by a vowel has no value, when followed by a vowel the value is independent of the vowel.
Thus ‘ma, maa, mi, mii’, etc have the same value namely 5.
In the South Indian version la— cerebral— is included to indicate nine but the value of la has to be decided carefully . Thus Alih can mean 30 or 90 because the word which means a bee is written in different ways (as alih in the north and as aLih in the south)
In the Scheme of representing the numbers , the extreme left indicates the units, the next place shows the tens and so on.
Thus the expression ‘harih sevyah’ means 1728
SOUTH INDIAN ORIGIN?
In the Canvdravakyas of Vararuchi ‘la’ is used to indicate 9 and also 3.
The 118th vakya is Chuli syadrajnoYam and it means 10-21-39 since the number indicating minutes can not exceed 60 and thus li stands for 3.
On the other hand, in the 60th vakya ‘digvyalo nasti’ which means 8 19 06 , la means 9.
That the system is typically South Indian indicates that Vararuchi was from the south.
Jaya = Mahabharata= 18
There are people who believe that the system of Katapayadi was introduced by Vararuci. . But many important points have to be noted here.
Mahabharata is called ‘Jaya’ which means 18 because it contains of 18 parvans, there are 18 chapters in the Bhagavad Gita, 18 aksauhinis took part in the war which lasted for 18 days.
This is the traditional interpretation. This shows certainly the antiquity of the system. In the astrological sutras of Jaimini this method is used according to commentators. This work can be placed between 5TH century BCE and first century CE using internal evidence.
Samaveda has a numeral system
There is a system of numerals associated with Samaveda which is similar to this. Since Samaveda is associated with Jaimini, it appears that the Katapayaadi system was in existence much earlier than Vararuci, though the exact date has to be settled by research. Though Jaimini, who is the author of astrological sutras is not necessarily the author of Puurva miimaamsaa, was perhaps in the line of disciples of Jaimini,
XXX
The following table gives the letters of Sanskrit alphabet and the numerals which they denote according to KATAPAYADI notation. The vowels suffixed to the consonants do not denote any numeral. They are suffixed only for the sake of pronunciation. The vowel ‘a’ is suffixed here. Any other vowel may be used as well (TAMILS FOLLOWED THIS PARTICULAR RULE OF USING VOWEL, BUT AS PREFIX, TO MAKE ALL THE UNGRAAMMATICAL TAMIL WORDS AS GRAMMATICAL. FOR INSTANCE, A TAMIL CANNOT WRITE LONDON AND RAMAYANA AS SUCH. HE HAS TO ADD A VOWEL BEFORE IT. TAMIL BANS R , S, AND L AS INITIAL LETTERS. SO, TAMILS WRITE ‘IRAMAYAANAM’, ‘ILONDON’ BY ADDING VOWEL ‘I’. WITH OTHER WORDS VOWEL ‘A’ OR ‘U’ IS USED.)
KATAPAYAADI NOTATION SYSTEM
CONSONANTS NUMERALS
Ka ta pa ya 1
Kha tha pha ra 2
Ga da ba la 3
Gha dha bha va 4
Na na ma sa 5
Ca ta sa 6
Cha tha sa 7
Ja da ha 8
Jha dha la 9
Na na 0
Vowels 0
(Sanskrit has three different ‘s’ and two different ‘n’ sounds and two different ‘l’ sounds)
All vowels standing alone denote zero.
In conjunct letter, the consonant next to the last letter is to be considered.
Thus ‘dhii(dh+ii)’ denotes 9.
Similarly ‘kti’ denotes 6 which is numeral for ‘t’
‘hrt’ is number 8, the numeral for ‘h’ which is the consonant with a vowel next to the last. The consonant ‘t’ is not considered as it is not suffixed with a vowel.
WORDS DENOTE THE NUMBERS WITH NUMERALS WRITTEN FROM RIGHT TO LEFT IN THE ORDER OF LETTERS OF WORDS. THUS ‘ksiiraabdhiga’ denotes 3926.
Jaya = 18
Source (with my inputs in the article)
Sadratnamala of Sankaravarman with English notes and translation by Dr S Madhavan, THE KUPPUSWAMI SASTRI RESEARCH INSTITUTE, CHENNAI 600004, 2011
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TAGS – katapayadi, Sama Veda, Vararuci, Akanaanuru, numbers,
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