All posts tagged Tiruvalluvar

MANU IN TAMIL VEDA TIRUKKURAL: Rev GU Pope and Father Beschi compare -1 ( Post No.4459)

Written by London Swaminathan

Date: 4 DECEMBER 2017

Time uploaded in London- 21-07

Post No. 4459

Pictures shown here are taken from various sources such as Facebook friends, Books, Google and newspapers; thanks.

Rev. G U Pope, a Tamil scholar and Christian preacher published The Sacred Kural of Tiruvalluva Nayanar in 1886 with his English translation. Throughout the book he had used his predecessors’ views. He had used Italian Jesuit priest Constantine Joseph Beschi’s Latin translation of Tirukkural, the Tamil Veda and also the translation of Ellis. They have compared some of the Kural couplets with the Manu Smrti, also known as Manava Dharma Shastra.

I will give their list below:

Role of a King

Valluvar says in his Kural Couplets,

The world clings to the feet of the great leader who wields his sceptre with love for his subjects (Kural 544)

The leader saves his subjects from enemies and flawlessly punishes wrong doers (549)

The judge gives capital punishment to wicked killers like removing weeds from a flourishing field (550)

Manu says in the Seventh Chapter,

Let him be ever ready to strike, his prowess constantly displayed, and his secrets constantly concealed, and let him constantly explore the weaknesses of his foe.
Of him who is always ready to strike, the whole world stands in awe; let him therefore make all creatures subject to himself even by the employment of force.
Having fully considered the purpose, (his) power, and the place and the time, he assumes by turns many (different) shapes for the complete attainment of justice.
The (man), who in his exceeding folly hates him, will doubtlessly perish; for the king quickly makes up his mind to destroy such (a man).

xxxxxx

Oppression of a Tyrant

Valluvar says in his Kural Couplets,

The leader who does not injure and adopt proper measures each day – his kingdom will perish day by day (Kural 553)

Let them that want their greatness to continue begin with sternness and punish within measure (562).

Manu says in the Seventh Chapter,

Having fully considered the time and the place (of the offence), the strength and the knowledge (of the offender), let him justly inflict that (punishment) on men who act unjustly.

Let the king, having carefully considered (each) affair, be both sharp and gentle; for a king who is both sharp and gentle is highly respected.

xxxxx

Espionage

Valluvar says,

Kural Couplets 581-590

The reports given by one spy must be tested and verified through another spy (Kural 588)

The spies must be sent one by one, apart; if three spies agree, the information shall be confirmed (589)

Able spies watch keenly the officers, kinsmen and the enemies and all for information (584)

Manu says in the Seventh Chapter

Let that (man) always personally visit by turns all those (other officials); let him properly explore their behaviour in their districts through spies (appointed to) each.
For the servants of the king, who are appointed to protect (the people), generally become knaves who seize the property of others; let him protect his subjects against such (men).
On the whole eightfold business and the five classes (of spies), on the goodwill or enmity and the conduct of the circle (of neighbours he must) carefully (reflect).

xxxxxxxx Subham xxxxxxxxxxxxx

31 Quotations from Tirukkural of Tiruvalluvar (Post No.4438)

Written by London Swaminathan

Date: 27 NOVEMBER 2017

Time uploaded in London- 16-28

Post No. 4438

Pictures shown here are taken from various sources such as Facebook friends, Books, Google and newspapers; thanks.

December 2017 ‘Good Thoughts’ Calendar

31 Quotations from Tamil Veda Tirukkural of Tiruvalluvar, Great Tamil Poet.

Important Days- 2-Kartikai Deepam; 11-Bharati’s Birth Day; 25-Christmas; 29- Vaikunda Ekadasi

Auspicious Days- 7, 13

Ekadasi Fasting Days- 13, 29.

New Moon/amavasyai-17/18

Full Moon/ Purnima- 3

December 1 Friday

Just Rule: The world clings to the feet of the great leader who wields his sceptre with love for his subjects (Kural 541)

December 2 Saturday

Miracle: Rains and harvests are rich in the land ruled by the righteous sceptre of an able leader (Kural 545)

December 3 Sunday

Vigilance: He who is not forearmed against coming danger, shall repent his fault at the end (535)

December 4 Monday

Success: Concentrate the mind upon what you want to achieve; it becomes easy then to attain (540)

December 5 Tuesday

Sharing with Kith and Kin: The crow invites its kind to share its prey without concealing it; fortune abides only with men of a similar nature (527)

December 6 Wednesday

Employing: Entrust affairs to men of four virtues: loyalty, intelligence, clear vision and non-craving (513)

December 7 Thursday

Suspicion: Fortune forsakes the leader who suspects the loyalty of him that endeavours to carry out a design (kural 519).

December 8 Friday

Selecting and Entrusting: Apply four tests in choosing genuine officers:Virtue, wealth, pleasure and fear of death (501)

December 9 Saturday

Greatness: A man’s deeds are the touch stone of his greatness and littleness (505)

December 10 Sunday

TRUST: Never trust a man without testing him; when the test is over, decide what you can entrust him with (Kural 509)

December 11 Monday

Crocodile Tactics: In deep waters the crocodile overpowers all; out of waters, others overpower it. (495)

December 12 Tuesday

Elephant and Fox (BE TACTFUL) : A fierce elephant that has faced lancers, can be foiled by a fox, if it is stuck in a marshy grounds (Kural 500)

December 13 Wednesday

TACTIS: The sea sailing ship cannot move on land. The strong wheeled high chariot cannot run on water (Kural 496)

December 14 Thursday

Time of Action: The crow defeats the owl during daytime. The leader seeks right time to quell the enemy (481)

December 15 Friday

Right Time: One can even win the world if he chooses the proper place and acts in the right hour (484)

December 16 Saturday

Time and Ram: The quiescence of a strong man is like the step back of a fighting ram before charging (Kural 486)

December 17 Sunday

Heron and Time: In adverse time feign peace and wait like a heron; strike like its peck when the time is opportune (490)

December 18 Monday

Overloading (FORETHOUGHT): The axle of an over loaded cart breaks by adding even a gentle peacock’s feather (475)

December 19 Tuesday

Thrift (SAVE THE MONEY): His amassed wealth will quickly vanish who lavishes it without thrift, upon needless things (480)

December 20 Wednesday

To be or Not to be (TAKE DECISIVE ACTION, DON’T DELAY): It is ruinous to do what should not be done; and ruinous also to omit what should be done (466)

December 21 Thursday

Have Good Company:-Purity of heart and purity of action both come from good company (455)

December 22 Friday

Greatmen:-The leader who has worthy friends and acts ably, has nothing to fear from terrible enemies (Kural 446)

December 23 Saturday

Supporters:-There is no profit without capital; there is no stability for a leader without strong supporters (449)

December 24 Sunday

Self-Introspection: Let a man cure his faults and then scan others’. Who then can find fault with him? (Kural 436)

December 25 Monday

Boasting: Never extol yourself in any mood nor do any act that is good for nothing (439)

December 26 Tuesday

Wisdom: Wisdom is a weapon which defends against decline; it is the inner fortress that baffles the enemy’s entry (421)

December 27 Wednesday

Do in Rome as Romans do:- To live in conformity with the world is wisdom (426)

December 28 Thursday

Listen:- Listen to whatever is good, however little; little as it may be, it will bring you much greatness.

December 29 Friday

Depression:- Though a man has no learning, let him listen; like a staff , it will support him in his depression

December 30 Saturday

Wise discourses: Polite speech is difficult for those who do not listen to wise discourses (419)

December 31 Sunday

Lady without breasts: The unlettered man aspiring to speak (in public platforms) is like a lady without her two breasts courting love. (Tirukkural couplet 402)

January First 2018 Monday- HAPPY NEW YEAR

–Subham–

HINDU GODS IN TAMIL BIBLE! (Post No.3069)

brahmin valluvar

Written by London swaminathan

Date: 17^th August 2016

Time uploaded in London: 9-16 AM

Post No.3069

Pictures are taken from various sources; thanks for the pictures.

Tirukkural, the Veda of the Tamils, is a book of great value to the Tamils. Foreign writers who translated it into English and other European languages said it is like the Bible for the Tamils. Though the author TIRU VALLUVAR has written a lot of common things acceptable to all the four oriental religions Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, his 1330 couplets mostly reflect Hindu thoughts.

Some people tried to show him as a Buddhist or a Jain and those theories were exploded because of his reference to GOD and “the god who lives in the heaven”(Kural/Couplet 50)

More over Tiruvalluvar supports death sentence (550) and violence against the misers (1077 and 1078), he was the Chanakya of the Tamil speaking world. So he cannot be a Jain.

For the forty or fifty years I have been quoting his couplets on moral themes in my articles and speeches. I used to wonder whether he was a Vaishnavite or a Saivite. My research shows that he was a Vaishnavite because of his references to Vishnu and his incarnation and Goddess Lakshmi in more couplets. Next comes his references to Vedic Gods Inrda and Yama. Of the Vedic Gods, Yama was his favourite. He gets more references than others. Siva was mentioned only indirectly. But his first ten couplets in praise of God, he makes general references to God in form. He refers to the FEET OF GOD in most of the couplets. So out and out he was a Hindu.

valluva-nayanar

He was a master of Sanskrit as well. He used the Sanskrit words Dhanam and Tavam/Tapas in more than one couplet. Above all, he structured his book on the Hindu values: Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha. Since the Tamils do not write separately on Moksha, he has included it in the Dharma section.

In hundreds of Kurals/couplets, he refers to Vedas and Vedic customs, which I am not using here.

All the books that were published until 75 years ago, described Tiruvalluvar as a poet born to a Brahmin and a low caste woman. Dravidian political parties hid this information in later editions of the book and gave him a new date 31 BCE. Tamil Linguistics show that he lived in 4^th or 5^th century CE.

Let us look at the references to Hindu Gods in Tirukkural, the Tamil Veda:–

Trivikrama/Vamana Avatar – Kural Couplet 610

Adi Bhagawan – Kural 1

Amrita -64, 82, 720, 1106

Yama – 269, 326, 765, 1083, 1085

Pitrs/departed souls- 43 (who live in southern direction)

Brahma- 1062

Indra – 25

Krishna/Vishnu -1103 (Lotus Eyed)

Lakshmi (lotus seated)- 179, 519, 617, 920

Alakshmi- 617, 936 (Lakshmi’s sister)

Maya/charmer man- 1258 (may be Krishna of Gopis)

Couplet 377 refers to Brahma, as the man who writes fate on every one’s head. But commentators translate the word as GOD.

Couplet 580 refers to Siva drinking poison.

“Men of refined courtesy accept even a cup of poison and look cheerfully calm.”

I quoted this in my research article written in 1997 (in London Tamil Magazine Megam) and commented it may be a reference to Socrates or Siva. But Tamil saint Manikka vasakar used this epithet for Lord Siva. So I conclude that it is an indirect reference to Lord Siva drinking poison when the milky ocean was churned to get the Amrita/ambrosia.

Since more remarks point towards a person who worships Vishnu and Lakshmi, I conclude that Tiruvalluvar was a Vishnu Bhakta.

tiruvalluvar-at-soas-university-of-london

The Opening Ceremony took place on 13th May 1996. Dr L M Singhvi, High Commissioner of India in grey suit is at left extreme, Dr Stuart Blackburn in grey suit is in the middle and I am (London Swaminathan, author of this article) at the far right in the picture. Location: SOAS, University of London.

Please read my old articles on Tiru Valluvar and Tirukkural:-

Strange Link between Lord Shiva, Socrates and Thiruvalluvar, posted on 18 September 2011

Albert Einstein and Thiruvalluvar, Post No. 749 dated 17th December 2013.

Buddha and Tamil Saint on Good thoughts!, Post No 717 dated 21 November 2013

Who was Tiruvalluvar?, 24-7-2013

Tamil Merchant who dumped Gold into Sea, Post No. 1239; Dated 17th August 2014.

வள்ளுவன் ஒரு சம்ஸ்கிருத அறிஞன், 5 நவம்பர் 2012

திருவள்ளுவர் பற்றிய பழைய புத்தகம் (Post No. 2532) , 12 -2-2016

திருவள்ளுவர் யார்?, Post No. 748 dated 17th December 2013.

ஏலேல சிங்கன் கதை!, கட்டுரை எண்:– 1238; தேதி 17 ஆகஸ்ட் 2014.

அவ்வையார், வள்ளுவர் பற்றிய அதிசய தகவல்கள்! 14-11-2015

–subham–

திருவள்ளுவர் ஐயரா? ஐயங்காரா? (Post No.3068)

brahmin valluvar

Written by London swaminathan

Date: 17^th August 2016

Time uploaded in London: 6-08 AM

Post No.3068

Pictures are taken from various sources; thanks for the pictures.

திராவிடங்கள் ஆட்சிக்கு வருவதற்கு முன்னால் தமிழ் நாட்டில் வெளியான எல்லாப் புத்தகங்களிலும் வள்ளுவர் ஒரு அரைப் பார்ப்பனர் என்று எழுதப்பட்டுள்ளது. அதுமட்டுமல்ல. தமிழ்நாட்டில் கிடைத்த பழைய வள்ளுவர் சிலை பூணூலுடன் காட்சி தருகிறது. அது மட்டுமல்ல. அந்தப் பூணூல் தெரியக்கூ டாது என்பதற்காக அதே வாக்கில் ஒரு மேல் துண்டு போட்டுச் சுற்றிக் காட்டப்பட்டுள்ளது.

நிற்க.

திருவள்ளுவர் பல இந்து தெய்வங்களைக் குறிப்பிடுகிறார். அவர் சைவரா (ஐயர்) அல்லது வைஷ்ணவரா (ஐயங்கார்) என்று ஒரு பட்டி மன்றம் நடத்தினால் நான் ஐயங்காரே! என்ற கட்சியில் நின்று வாதாடி ஜெயிப்பேன். ஏனெனில் அதற்குத்தான் அதிக ஆதாரங்கள் உள்ளன.

சிலர் இவர் சமணரா, பௌத்தரா என்றும் வாதாடிப் பார்த்து தோற்றுப்போனார்கள். ஏனெனில் சமணமோ பௌத்தமோ, தெய்வத்தைப் பற்றிப் பேசுவதில்லை; வள்ளுவனோ தெய்வம் பற்றியும், வானுறையும் தெய்வம் பற்றியும் அடிக்கடி பேசுகிறான் (திருக்குறள் 619, 50, 702, 43, 55, 1023.

கடவுள் வாழ்த்தில் இவர், கடவுளுக்குப் பயன்படுத்திய சொற்கள் எல்லாம் தேவாரம், திவ்வியப்பிரபந்தத்தில் வருகின்றன. சம்ஸ்கிருதத்திலும் உள்ளன.

திருவள்ளுவர் குறிப்பிடும் தெய்வங்கள்:–

அடி அளந்தான் – திருமாலின் (த்ரி விக்ரம) வாமனாவதாரம் (610)

அமிழ்து- பாற்கடலை கடைந்தபோது வந்த அம்ருதம் 64, 1106, 720, 82 (சாவா மருந்து)

ஆதி பகவன் – 1

யமன் (கூற்றம்) – 269, 1085, 326, 765, 1083

பித்ருக்கள் (இறந்தோர்)- தென்புலத்தார் 43 யமன் வாழும் திசை

பிரம்மா – உலகு இயற்றியான் 1062

இந்திரன் – 25

கண்ணன் – தாமரைக்கண்ணான் 1103

லக்ஷ்மி- தாமரை யினாள் 617, 179, 519, 920,

மூதேவி – மாமுகடி 617, 936

பன் மாயக் கள்வன் (கோபி, கிருஷ்ணன்?)-1258

tiruvalluvar-at-soas-university-of-london

வள்ளுவன், பல நூறு குறள்களில் சொன்ன— தவம், தானம், வேள்வி, தர்மம் (அறம்), நோன்பு, பார்ப்பான்,அந்தணன், புத்தேளிர் (தேவர்), மேல் உலகம், பிறவாமை, மறை, மறை மொழி (மந்திரம்), விதி, நிலையாமை, மெய்ப்பொருள், மாசறு காட்சி, நூல் (வேதம்) முதலிய இந்துமத விஷயங்களைப் பட்டிமன்றத்துக்கு எடுத்துக்கொள்ளவில்லை.

லெட்சுமியும் விஷ்ணுவும், லெட்சுமியின் அக்காளும், பத்து அவதாரங்களில் ஒன்றும், அமிழ்தமும் வைஷ்ணவ விஷயங்களாதலால் திருவள்ளுவர் வைஷ்ணவரே என்று முடிவு செய்யலாம்.

இதற்கு அடுத்தபடியாக வருவது வேத கால தெய்வங்களான இந்திரன், யமன் ஆகும்.

பிரம்மாவைக் கூட — (உலகு இயற்றியான் 1062) — குறிப்பிட்ட வள்ளுவன் சிவனை நேரடியாகக் குறிப்பிடவில்லை. ஆனால் கடவுள் வாழ்த்தில் வரும் பத்து விஷயங்கள் சிவனுக்கும் திருமாலுக்கும் பொதுவான விஷயங்களே. அதே போல பாற்கடலைக் கடைந்து அமிழ்தம் எடுத்ததும் சிவ- விஷ்ணுவுக்குப் பொதுவான விஷயங்களே.

சிவனைப் பற்றியும் பிரம்மாவைப் பற்றியும் மறைமுகக் குறிப்புகள், இரண்டு குறள்களில் வருகின்றன:

“வள்ளுவர், சாக்ரடீஸ்,சிவபெருமான் – இவர்கள் மத்தியில் என்ன தொடர்பு? “ என்ற எனது மிகப்பழைய கட்டுரையில் (தமிழ் இலக்கியத்தில் அதிசயச் செய்திகள், பக்கம் 126, நாகப்பா பப்ளிகேஷன்ஸ், சென்னை, ஆண்டு 2009)

பெயக்கண்டும் நஞ்சுண்டமைவர் நயத்தக்க

நாகரிகம் வேண்டுபவர் (580)

சிவனையும், சாக்ரடீசையும் வள்ளுவர் குறிப்பிட்டது பற்றி எழுதியுள்ளேன். இது 1997ல் லண்டனில் ‘மேகம்’ பத்திரிக்கையில் நான் எழுதியது.

valluva-nayanar

இன்னொரு குறளில் (377) ‘வகுத்தான்’ என்று பிரம்மாவைக் குறிப்பிடுகிறார். ஆனால் இவை இரண்டும் எனது வியாக்கியானமேயன்றி உரைகாரர்கள் செப்பியது அல்ல. வகுத்தான் என்பதை தலைவிதியை எழுதிய தெய்வம் என்று மட்டுமே உரைகாரர்கள் காட்டுவர்.

திருவள்ளுவ ஐயங்கார் வாழ்க!!!

My old Articles on the same subject:–

வள்ளுவன் ஒரு சம்ஸ்கிருத அறிஞன், 5 நவம்பர் 2012

திருவள்ளுவர் பற்றிய பழைய புத்தகம் (Post No. 2532) , 12 -2-2016

திருவள்ளுவர் யார்?, Post No. 748 dated 17th December 2013.

Albert Einstein and Thiruvalluvar, Post No. 749 dated 17th December 2013.

Buddha and Tamil Saint on Good thoughts!, Post No 717 dated 21 November 2013

Who was Tiruvalluvar?, 24-7-2013

Tamil Merchant who dumped Gold into Sea, Post No. 1239; Dated 17th August 2014.

ஏலேல சிங்கன் கதை!, கட்டுரை எண்:– 1238; தேதி 17 ஆகஸ்ட் 2014.

அவ்வையார், வள்ளுவர் பற்றிய அதிசய தகவல்கள்! 14-11-2015

–Subham—

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by Tamil and Vedas on August 17, 2016 • Permalink

Posted in Tamil

Tagged ஐயரா, ஐயங்காரா, திருக்குறளில் இந்து தெய்வங்கள், திருவள்ளுவர், Tiruvalluvar

Posted by Tamil and Vedas on August 17, 2016

https://tamilandvedas.com/2016/08/17/%e0%ae%a4%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%b0%e0%af%81%e0%ae%b5%e0%ae%b3%e0%af%8d%e0%ae%b3%e0%af%81%e0%ae%b5%e0%ae%b0%e0%af%8d-%e0%ae%90%e0%ae%af%e0%ae%b0%e0%ae%be-%e0%ae%90%e0%ae%af%e0%ae%99%e0%af%8d%e0%ae%95/

Tamil and Vedas

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