Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
xxxx
M words continued………………………………
Snake or Rope illusion = Maayaa
Tamil Version will be posted tomorrow.
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Mangalasanam
Twelve Tamil Vaishnavite Saints known as Alvars, have sung the glory of Vishnu in 108 divine shrines spread over India and beyond. Those temples which are sung by an Alvar or more Alvars are said to have Mangalaasanam of this Alvar or these Alvars. The 108 Divine Shrines are called Divya Desam. The 4000 compositions of Alvars in praise ofVishnu shrines are in a Tamil book known as Divya Prabandham.
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Madayanthi
Madayanti (or Madayanthi) is a virtuous queen of King Saudasa (Kalmashapada) in the Mahabharata and Puranas. Known for her loyalty, she aided her husband in overcoming a curse from Sage Vashishtha and is associated with the birth of their son, Ashmaka.
Wife of King Saudasa of the Ikshwaku dynasty. She is depicted as a virtuous queen who, along with her husband, survived a difficult curse.
When her husband was cursed to be a cannibal, she remained by his side. Later, she was involved in a complex narrative involving the sage Vashishtha to obtain a son.
The name is sometimes spelled Madayanti and should not be confused with Madayantika, which is the botanical name for henna (Lawsonia inermis).
It is a plant with medicinal properties known for treating skin diseases, jaundice, and as a natural hair dye.
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MADURAI
A big city in Tamil Nadu known for its big and beautiful Siva temple called Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple. About 2000 years ago, there was a Tamil Academy called Tamil Sangam here with 49 poets. Madurai is synonymous with Tamil language because of this Tamil Sangam. Sangam Tamil literature has more than 40 poets with the prefix Madurai. Chitra festival celebrated here every year attracts lakhs of people.
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Malayalam
It is the name of a language and the land where it is spoken. The place is called Kerala now. It is adjacent to Tamil Nadu. As a language it is junior to Tamil language. Kerala is also known for its temples and natural beauty. In the olden days it was called Chera Nadu.
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Malaya Parvata
Common name of Western Ghats also known as Sahyadri. Pothikai hill is part of this mountain chain Where sage Agastya lived and wrote the first grammar book for Tamil. The mountain chain runs for over 1000 miles from the land’s tip up to Maharashtra.
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Mathura
One of the Seven Sacred Cities in India. Lord Krishna was born here, and his playing field is called Brindavan It is in modern Uttar Pradesh with a beautiful Krishna temple.
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Mahabharata & War
Mahabharata is one of the two Hindu epics; the other epic is Ramayana. Mahabharata is the longest religious book in the world with one hundred thousand Slokas/couplets describing the history of Pandavas and Kauravas. It has 18 chapters and the most popular Bhagavad Gita is in one of the 18 Chapters.
The 18 day war between the five Pandavas and their 100 cousins Kauravas was fought in Kurukshetra, now in Haryana. Hindus believe that the war was fought just before Kali Yuga began, that is before 3102 BCE. Majority of the modern historians believe that it should have happened around 1500 BCE.
Apart from the conflict, the epic has lot of sub stories ad a lot of didactic materials. And it is said thus in a famous quote:
“यदिहास्ति तदन्यत्र यन्नेहास्ति न तत्क्वचित्”Yad ihāsti tad anyatra, yan nehāsti na tat kvacit “What is here [in the Mahabharata] is found elsewhere, but what is not here is nowhere else”. The epic covers all aspects of human life.
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Mahabhasyam
Mahabhayasam is the celebrated commentary on grammar given to the world by Maharshi Patanjali based on Ashtadhyayi of Maharshi Panini. It deals with the theory of language from Bharatiya perspective. The siddhantas behind the origin and development of sound, syllable, word, sentence and context and their interrelated features are discussed in this commentary. It consists of nine ahnikas (Units) .
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Mahamakam
Mahamaham is a major Hindu festival celebrated every 12 years in Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, often referred to as the Kumbh Mela of South India. It occurs during the Tamil month of Masi (Feb–Mar) when Jupiter passes through Simha Rasi, drawing millions for a holy dip in the sacred Mahamaham tank, which is surrounded by 16 small mandapams. It is very near the famous Siva temple- Kumbeswarar.
The next Mahamaham festival in Kumbakonam is scheduled to take place on March 9, 2028
The Mahamaham tank is a massive, historic pond located in the heart of Kumbakonam town, featuring 20 “theerthams” (holy wells) on its banks, each associated with specific deities or blessings. During the festival all the nearby temples take part in it. 500 years ago, famous king Krishnadeva Raya travelled all the way from Vijayanagara to take part in it.
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Maya, Mahamayi. Mahamaya
Maya is illusion.
Mahamaya (“Great Illusion”) is a multifaceted term in Indian philosophy and religion, primarily referring to the divine, all-encompassing, and bewildering creative energy of the Supreme Goddess (Shaktism) or the material world’s illusory nature (Vedanta). It represents the power that creates, maintains, and veils reality, often associated with Goddess Durga and the material world’s distracting, worldly attachments.
In Tamil, Mahamayi is the goddess of small pox. If some one is sick with any type of pox, they hang Neem leaves outside the house to avoid spreading the disease. After recovering, they go to Marai Amman Goddess temple and offer Maa Vilakku. It is a flour and jaggery dish with ghee lamps lighted in the middle. They consume it after the lamp is extinguished
Mahamaya (or Yoga-maya) is the divine energy of illusion and Vishnu’s potency who facilitated Krishna’s birth to destroy the tyrant King Kamsa. She transferred Krishna from Kamsa’s prison to Gokul and replaced him with her own form, ultimately warning Kamsa that his killer had already been born, thus fulfilling the prophecy of Kamsa’s downfall. When Kamsa tried to strike her with his sword it flew into sky and disappeared.
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
xxxx
மாலைமலர் 30-4-26 தேதியிட்ட இதழ் விளம்பர மலர் சிறப்பிதழாக வெளி வந்தது. பெருமை மிகு தமிழகம் என்பதை மையப்பொருளாகக் கொண்ட அந்த சிறப்பிதழில் பெருமை மிகு தமிழகத்தில் பாண்டிய மண்டலம், சோழ மண்டலம், கொங்கு மண்டலம், பல்லவ மண்டலம் என நான்கு சிறப்புக் கட்டுரைகள் இடம் பெற்றுள்ளன. அவற்றை இங்கு ஒவ்வொன்றாகக் காணலாம்.
பாண்டிய மண்டலம் சோழ மண்டலம் கொங்கு மண்டலத்தைத் தொடர்ந்து இப்போது கடைசி கட்டுரையான தொண்ட மண்டலம் வெளீயாகிறது.
பெருமை மிகு தமிழகத்தில் தொண்டமண்டலம்!
ச. நாகராஜன்
இறையனார் தலைமை வகித்து சங்கத் தமிழைவளர்த்ததை பாண்டி மண்டலம் விளக்குகிறது என்றால் தமிழ்ப் புலவன் பாயைச் சுருட்டு என்று சொன்னவுடன் திருமால் பாய் சுருட்டி செந்நாப் புலவனுடன் கிளம்பிய வரலாறைச் சொல்கிறது தொண்ட மண்டலம்.
‘கல்வியில் கரையிலாத காஞ்சி’ என்று அப்பர் பெருமானால் புகழப்பட்ட காஞ்சியின் பெருமை தான் என்னே!
திருமழிசை ஆழ்வாரின் சீடரான கனிகண்ணனை பல்லவ அரசன் தன்னைப் பாடுமாறு பணிக்க, கனிகண்ணன் மறுத்து விட்டான். இதனால் கோபமடைந்த அரசன் அவனை நாட்டை விட்டுப் போகுமாறு ஆணையிட்டான். இதை அறிந்த திருமழிசை ஆழ்வார் தானும் அங்கிருந்து கிளம்பலானார். தான் வழிபடும் தெய்வமாகிய மணிவண்ணன் மட்டும் ஏன் அங்கிருக்க வேண்டும் என்று எண்ணிய ஆழ்வார் காஞ்சிபுரத்தில் உள்ள திருவெக்கா கோவிலில் பாடினார் இப்படி:
திருமால் ஆதிசேஷன் என்ற தனது பாயைச் சுருட்டிக் கொண்டு கிளம்ப உலகமே திகைத்து அதிர்ந்தது. தன் தவறை உணர்ந்த மன்னன் ஆழ்வாரிடம் மன்னிப்புக் கேட்க, மனம் இரங்கிய ஆழ்வார்
என்று பாட திருமால் தன் இருப்பிடம் வந்து அனைவருக்கும் அருள் பாலிக்க ஆரம்பித்தார். சொன்ன வண்ணம் செய்த பெருமாள் என்ற பெயரையும் பெற்றார். தமிழ்ப் புலவனின் ஆற்றலை உலகம் உணர்ந்து கொண்டது.
திருக்குறளுக்கு உரை எழுதிய பரிமேலழகர் காஞ்சிபுரத்தில் வாழ்ந்தவரே.
கந்தபுராணத்தை இயற்றிய கச்சியப்ப சிவாசாரியார் காஞ்சிபுரத்தில்
அவதரித்தவர். குமரகோட்டத்தில் உள்ள முருகப் பெருமானின் அருளாணையுடன் அதை அவர் இயற்றினார். 10345 பாடல்கள் கொண்ட இந்த நூலுக்கு முருகப் பெருமானே ‘திகடச் சக்கரச் செம்முகம்’ என்று அடி எடுத்துக் கொடுத்தார் என்பது வரலாறாகும்.
இன்னும் ஆதிசங்கரர் நிறுவிய காஞ்சி காமகோடி பீடம் இந்து மதத்தின் ஏற்றத்தைப் பறைசாற்றும் மடமாகும். சமீப காலத்தில் வாழ்ந்த இதன் 68வது பீடாதிபதி மகா பெரியவர் என்று உலகோரால் கொண்டாடப்பட்டார். இவர் அருளாசியைப் பெற கிரீஸ் ராணி உள்ளிட்ட மேலை நாட்டோரும் வருவது வழக்கமானது.
காஞ்சிபுரம் பட்டு சேலைகள், வேஷ்டிகளுக்கும் கைவினைப் பொருள்களுக்கும் பெயர் பெற்ற இடமாகும்.
14ம் நூற்றாண்டில் வாழ்ந்த பெரும் முருக பக்தர் அருணகிரிநாதர் ஆவார். இவர் 16000 திருப்புகழ் பாடல்களைப் பாடினார். நமக்கு இன்று
கிடைத்திருப்பது 1334 பாடல்கள் மட்டுமே. இவர் திருவண்ணாமலை
அண்ணாமலையார் கோவிலில் வாழ்ந்து முருகன் அருளால் பாடல்களை இயற்றினார். ‘யாம் ஓதிய கல்வியும் எம் அறிவும் தாமே பெற வேலவர்
தந்ததனால்’ என்ற இவரது வார்த்தைகளால் முருகனே இவரைப்
பாடல்களை இயற்ற வைத்தான் என்பது தெளிவு.
திருவண்ணாமலையில் அருளாட்சி புரிந்த ரமண மகரிஷியை உலகம் முழுவதும் போற்றியது. மேலைநாடுகளிலிருந்து ஏராளமானோர்
ரமணாசிரமம் வந்து இவரை தரிசித்து அருள் பெற்றனர். குறிப்பாக பால் பிரண்டன் எழுதிய ‘எ செர்ச் இன் சீக்ரட் இண்டியா’ என்ற நூல் இவரது அருமைகளைக் கூற உலகமே இவர் பால் ஈர்க்கப்பட்டது.
இன்னும் திருவண்ணாமலையில் சேஷாத்ரி ஸ்வாமிகள் உள்ளிட்ட ஏராளமான சித்தர்கள் வாழ்ந்து பக்தர்களுக்கு அருள் பாலித்தனர்.
காஞ்சி வீரத்தின் விளை நிலமாகும். இங்கிருந்து ஆண்ட பல்லவ மன்னர்கள் உலகளாவிய அளவில் புகழ் பெற்றனர். மாமல்லன் என்று அழைக்கப்பட்ட பெரும் வீரன் மாமல்லபுரத்தில் அற்புதமான சிற்பங்களை வடிக்கச் செய்தான். இன்றளவும் அந்த அற்புதச் சிற்பங்களைக் காண உலகெங்குமிருந்து மக்கள் வருகின்றனர். அதன் பெருமையைப் பறை சாற்றுகின்றனர்.
தொண்ட மண்டலத்தில் உள்ள புலியூர் கோட்டத்தில் உள்ள குன்றத்தூரில் பிறந்த தெய்வப் புலவர் சேக்கிழார் 63 நாயன்மார்களின் வரலாற்றை பெரிய புராணம் என்ற நூலாக வடித்தார். தில்லையில் உலகெலாம் என்ற வார்த்தையை ஒலித்து இறைவனே நூலுக்கு அடி எடுத்துக் கொடுத்தான். இரண்டாம் குலோத்துங்க சோழனின் அமைச்சராக இவர் விளங்கிப் பெருமை பெற்றார். குன்றத்தூர் சென்னையின் புறநகர்ப் பகுதியாக போரூர் அருகே உள்ள ஊராகும்.
சென்னையின் புகழ் அதன் பல்வேறு துறை விற்பன்னர்களால் உலகம் முழுவதும் பரவிய ஒன்று.
கணினி சார் துறைகளைச் சேர்ந்த ஏராளமான நிறுவனங்கள், வாகனக்
கட்டுமான உதிரி பாகங்களை உற்பத்தி செய்யும் தொழிற்சாலைகள்,
ரயில் பெட்டிகளின் வடிவாக்கத் தொழிலகம், கிரிக்கெட், செஸ் உள்ளிட்ட விளையாட்டுகளில் உலகப் புகழ் பெற்ற வீரர்கள்… இப்படி சென்னையின் புகழ் பட்டியல் நீண்ட ஒன்று.
ஆயிரக் கணக்கான தமிழ் திரைப்படங்களை உருவாக்கிய சென்னை மாநகரம் ஆயிரக்கணக்கான திரைத்துறை சார்ந்த கலைஞர்களை உருவாக்கிய நகரமாகும். இசை, நடனம், நடிப்பு, கதை, வசனம், கேமரா உத்தி, வண்ணச் சேர்க்கை, உடை அலங்காரம் என அனைத்துப் பகுதிகளிலும் தன் முத்திரையைப் பதித்த துறை சென்னையின் திரைப்படத் துறையாகும்.
உலகின் ஆகப் பெரிய கடற்கரைகளுள் இரண்டாவது இடத்தைக் கொண்டிருக்கும் மரீனா பீச் உலக பயணிகள் அனைவருக்கும் உற்சாகம் தரும் ஒரு கடற்கரையாகும்.
இது இந்திய சுதந்திரப் போரில் லட்சக் கணக்கான மக்களுக்கு விழிப்பூட்டும் மையமாகத் திகழ்ந்தது. இங்கு கூட்டங்களில் பேசாத தேசீயத் தலைவர்களே இல்லை எனலாம்.
திருவள்ளூர் மாவட்டத்தில் அமைந்துள்ள திருத்தணி அறுபடை வீடுகளில் ஒன்றாகும். இங்கு நடக்கும் படித்திருவிழா முருக பக்தர்களை ஆயிரக்கணக்கில் ஈர்க்கும் மாபெரும் விழாவாகும்.
தொண்டமண்டலத்தில் உள்ள செங்கல்பட்டு, வேலூர், விழுப்புரம் , இராணிப்பேட்டை உள்ள மாவட்டங்கள் ஒவ்வொன்றும் தனித்தனி புகழ் பெற்றவையாகும். விரிப்பின் பெருகும்.
படிக்காசுப் புலவர் எழுதிய தொண்டைமண்டல சதகம் நூலில் உள்ள 100 பாடல்களையும் படித்து இதன் அருமை பெருமைகளை அறியலாம்.
இராமலிங்க சுவாமிகள் தொண்டைமண்டல சதகம் பற்றிய ஒரு ஆய்வுக் கட்டுரையையே எழுதியுள்ளார். தனது ஆய்வின் முடிவில் அவர் தொண்டை மண்டல சதகம் என்பது சரியல்ல தொண்டமண்டல சதகம் என்ற பெயரே சரி என்று நிறுவி இருக்கிறார்.
இப்படிப் பெருமை மிகு தமிழகத்தில் உள்ள ஒவ்வொரு சிற்றூரும், பெரும் நகரமும் தமிழகத்தின் காலம் வென்ற சரித்திரத்தையும், பண்பாட்டையும், கலை உணர்வையும், வீரத்தையும், தேசீயப் பற்றையும். இலக்கிய வளத்தையும், காலத்திற்கேற்ற அதி நவீன அறிவியல் முன்னேற்றத்தையும் வெளிப்படுத்துவதைக் காணலாம்.
பெருமை மிகு தமிழகத்தின் பெருமைகளை முற்றிலுமாகச் சொல்ல முடியுமா என்ன?
வாழ்க தமிழ், வாழிய தமிழர், வாழிய பழம் பெரும் தமிழ்நாடு!
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
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Purananuru Wonders -22 Ancient Tamil Encyclopaedia -Part 62; One Thousand Interesting Facts -Part 62
For English versions I Used Vaidehi Herbert’s translation; For most of the Sanskrit words I used Wisdomlib.org
Item 477
सामुद्रिकलक्षण (Sāmudrikalakṣaṇa)-
In Puranānūru verse 59, Poet Mathurai Koolavānikan Cheethalai Sāthanār used the opt repeated Sanskrit words AAJAANU BAAHUதாள் தோய் தடக்கை large hands that touch your legs.
This is not the only place the Sanskrit cliché is used. Eyes are described as lotus petals or fish like in Tamil and Sanskrit literature.
Ajanubahu (Sanskrit: आजानुबाहु) is a term describing a person whose arms are long enough to reach their knees when standing erect. It signifies a physical ideal in Indian culture, representing immense strength, divine stature, and high character, often used to describe gods, saints, and heroes like Rama or Krishna.
Etymology: Derived from a (up to), jānu (knee), and bāhu (arm), meaning “one
A famous sloka said by all devotees of Lord Ram is
SHRI-RAGHAVAM DASHARATHATMAJAM APRAMEYAM
SITA-PATIM RAGHUKULANVAYA-RATNADIPAM
AJANU-BAHUM ARAVINDA-DALAYATAKSHAM
RAMAM NISHACARA-VINASHAKARAM NAMAMI
It is famous Tamil film Lava Kusa as well.
In Indian culture, persons with such physical characteristics are either gods, saints, kings or great warriors. The idols of Hindu gods like Rama, Lakshmana, Krishna when shown in standing position are depicted as ajanu bahu feature. Even idols of Jain Tirthankars are shown as ajanbahu. The great saints like, Sai Baba of Shirdi, Ramkrishna Paramhansa, Swami Samartha and Gajanan Maharaj were said to have ajanu bahu characteristic.
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Item 478 Painting and Sanskrit word
This about a Pandya king who died in Chitra madam- a place with paintings in Madurai. Two things are notable. Sanskrit word Chitra and painting.
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Item 479 Two Different Authors with the same name
Silappadikaram by Ilango and Manimekalai by this poet Mathurai Koolavānikan Cheethalai Sāthanār differ greatly with Sangam poets in language and style.
Both these Tamil epics do not fit in Sangam age Tamil. Linguists must do more research.
I placed Tolkappiam Porul Adhikaram- Third Adhikaram , Silappadikaram and Tirukkural 133 adikarams in Fifth century CE
Sanskrit Word ADIKARAM is common to these three books.
Manimekalai followed Silappadikaram and its last three chapters are full of Sanskrit/Prakrit words.
My conclusion is the author of Manimekalai and this Puram verse are two different poets, though with the same name.
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Item 480 Sun and Moon
In Kalidasa’s works and Manu Smriti kings are compared with Five Elements- Pancha Bhuta –and Sun and Moon.
In this verse poet says
You are like the sun that rises from the ocean, never relenting in your fierce rage toward your enemies, but like the moon to people like me!
ஞாயிறு அனையை நின் பகைவர்க்குத், திங்கள் அனையை எம்மனோர்க்கே.
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Puranānūru 59, Poet Mathurai Koolavānikan Cheethalai Sāthanār sang to Pandiyan Chithiramādathu Thunjiya Nanmāran,
1 O greatly esteemed Vazhuthi wearing garlands on your handsome chest, with large hands that touch your legs! You certainly give with love, Lord! You do not accept lies.
2
You are like the sun that rises from the ocean, never relenting in your fierce rage toward your enemies, but like the moon to people like me!
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புறநானூறு59, பாடியவர்: மதுரைக் கூலவாணிகன் சீத்தலைச் சாத்தனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: பாண்டியன் சித்திரமாடத்துத் துஞ்சிய நன்மாறன், திணை: பாடாண், துறை: பூவை நிலை
1 ஆரம் தாழ்ந்த அணி கிளர் மார்பின், தாள் தோய் தடக்கைத் தகை மாண் வழுதி! வல்லை மன்ற நீ நயந்து அளித்தல், தேற்றாய் பெரும பொய்யே, என்றும் காய் சினம் தவிராது கடல் ஊர்பு எழுதரும்
2 ஞாயிறு அனையை நின் பகைவர்க்குத், திங்கள் அனையை எம்மனோர்க்கே.
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Item 481 Dr.Damodaran
In Puram verse 60, Poet’s name is Lord Krishna’s famous name.
Brahmins recite this name at least three times a day when they do Sandhyavandana.
Poet was a doctor!
Meaning of Damodaran is “one who is tied with a rope around his belly” (dama = rope, udara = belly). This signifies a divine pastime where Krishna was bound by his mother, symbolizing his accessibility and control, and is the 367th name of Vishnu in Sahsranama.உறையூர் மருத்துவன் தாமோதரனார்
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Item 482 Tamil’s Great Discovery
Tamils only called Ocean S Three Waters. முந்நீர் Mun Neer.
Ocean or sea has River Water, Rain Water and Spring Water. Because of these three types of waters it is called Mun=Three, Neer= Waters.
My interpretation is No spring water mingles directly into sea because it is part of river water. So it must be the springs under the ocean. Oceanographers reported such under water hot springs in the last century only. But Hindus knew it long long ago. It is confirmed by another reference Vada Mukhagni or Badavagni or Vadavai Anal in Tamil. That is submarine fire which we see in Hawai Island on all days.
I wanted to add one more interpretation.
Mun Neer also mean First Water. Only ocean water was there in the beginning; life evolved in it and spread to land and sky. So, it is called First, Mun in Tamil.
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Item 483 Planet Mars செம்மீன்
செம்மீன்Sem Meen is literally Red Star. Planet Mars which looks blood red in the sky was rightly named Sev Vay or Sem Meen செம்மீன் in Tamil.
Ancient Tamils were keen observers of sky and so add the heavenly objects wherever possible.
In Sanskrit also, it is called a red planet:
The primary Sanskrit name for the planet Mars is Maṅgala (मङ्गल), meaning “auspicious” or “fortunate”. It is recognized as one of the Navagraha (nine celestial bodies) and is strongly associated with the color red and fiery energy. Tuesday is named Mangalavāra (मंगलवार) after this planet.
Other common Sanskrit names for Mars include:
Kuja (कुज): Meaning “son of the Earth” (born from Bhoomi).
Angāraka (अङ्गारक): Meaning “the burning coal” or “the red planet” (referring to its color).
Bhauma (भौम): Meaning “son of Bhumi” (Earth).
Raktavarna (रक्तवर्ण): Meaning “blood-colored” or “red-bodied”.
Lohitāṅga (लोहिताङ्ग): Meaning “red-bodied” or “iron-bodied”.
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Item 484 White Umbrella வெண்குடை
Hindu Kings were protected by White Umbrellas வெண்குடை VEN KUDAI It is used throughout Sanskrit literature and always compared to Moon. Both signify Coolness.
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Item 485 Strength of a Bull பகட்டு
King’s strength is compared to that of a Bull.
In Tamil even youths are called KAALAI, word for Bull in Tamil
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Puranānūru 60, Poet Uraiyur Maruthuvan Thāmōtharanār sang for Chozhan Kurāpalli Thunjiya Perunthirumāvalavan,
1 Like a lantern on a boat in the middle of the THREE WATERS/ocean, there was the Red Planet high above us in the sky,
and we saw the full moon that was high above. On seeing it, did I not, along with my dancer with few bangles, like a peacock in the wasteland, bow to it many times?
2
It was because it resembled the white umbrella that protects us, pretty and fearsome, hiding the sun, decorated with garlands, belonging to my king Valavan with a victory drum and a sword 3
that never fails, his strength like that of a bull that pulls a wagon with salt from salt pans near the ocean, up toward the mountain,
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புறநானூறு60, பாடியவர்: உறையூர் மருத்துவன் தாமோதரனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சோழன் குராப்பள்ளித் துஞ்சிய பெருந்திருமாவளவன்,
உச்சி நின்ற உவவுமதி கண்டு, கட்சி மஞ்ஞையின் சுர முதல் சேர்ந்த, சில் வளை விறலியும் யானும் வல் விரைந்து, 5 தொழுதனம் அல்லமோ, பலவே, கானல் கழி உப்பு முகந்து கல் நாடு மடுக்கும் ஆரைச் சாகாட்டு ஆழ்ச்சி போக்கும் உரனுடை நோன் பகட்டு அன்ன எங்கோன், வலன் இரங்கு முரசின் வாய்வாள் வளவன், 10 வெயில் மறைக் கொண்ட உருகெழு சிறப்பின் மாலை வெண்குடை ஒக்குமால் எனவே?
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Item 486Description of a Village
Ploughing the land and eating Valai fish with rice is described. At the same time, their children are climbing the hay stacks to pluck the palmyra fruits. Nature’s gifts make the land prosperous of the Choza kingdoms, say the poet in Verse 61.
Choza king’s strong chest and shoulders are also praised.
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Puranānūru 61, Erichalūr Mādalan Mathurai Kumaranār sang for Chozhan Ilavanthikaippalli Thunjiya Nalankilli Chētchenni,
In the land of Chenni carrying a gleaming spear in his powerful hand and owning elegant chariots, in the fields where eels roll, women donning hair knots and cool leaves remove small patches of blue and white waterlilies where the harrows have passed and cut up vālai fish, and labourers with strong arms take the fat pieces and eat with white rice from new paddy to their full as their ribs stick out, become confused, and are unable to leave the long sheaves with grains, and their youngsters with parched heads who hate large coconuts, climb on the tall haystacks of their fathers to pluck the fruits of palmyra palms. There is abundant prosperity every day.
If there are men who oppose the king wearing a bow-like garland on his chest, they should know what will happen to them. We have not seen anybody succeed against his shoulders that are like fortress gate bolts! More than that, we have not seen sorrow in those who take refuge in his handsome feet without delay!
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புறநானூறு61, பாடியவர்: கோனாட்டு எறிச்சலூர் மாடலன் மதுரைக் குமரனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்:சோழன் இலவந்திகைப்பள்ளித் துஞ்சியநலங்கிள்ளி சேட்சென்னி, திணை: வாகை, துறை: அரச வாகை கொண்டைக் கூழைத் தண்டழைக் கடைசியர் சிறு மாண் நெய்தல் ஆம்பலொடு கட்கும், மலங்கு மிளிர் செறுவின் தளம்பு தடிந்திட்ட பழன வாளைப் பரூஉக்கண் துணியல் புது நெல் வெண்சோற்றுக் கண்ணுறை ஆக, 5 விலாப் புடை மருங்கு விசிப்ப மாந்தி நீடு கதிர்க் கழனிச் சூடு தடுமாறும் வன் கை வினைஞர் புன்தலைச் சிறாஅர் தெங்குபடு வியன் பழம் முனையின், தந்தையர் குறைக்கண் நெடுபோர் ஏறி விசைத்து எழுந்து 10 செழுங்கோட் பெண்ணைப் பழந்தொட முயலும், வைகல் யாணர் நன்னாட்டுப் பொருநன், எஃகு விளங்கு தடக்கை இயல் தேர்ச் சென்னி, சிலைத் தார் அகலம் மலைக்குநர் உளர் எனின் தாம் அறிகுவர் தமக்கு உறுதி, யாம் அவன் 15 எழு உறழ் திணி தோள் வழுவின்றி மலைந்தோர் வாழக் கண்டன்றும் இலமே தாழாது, திருந்து அடி பொருந்த வல்லோர் வருந்தக் காண்டல் அதனினும் இலமே.
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Item 487
SATI IN SANGAM AGE
Following lines show that they died wih their husbnads in funeral pyre. They did not live like widows.
Widows of warriors do not eat keerai or bathe in cold ponds. They are there, embracing the chests of their fallen husbands.
Another poem by Bhutapandyan Devi also shows that Sati was followed by Tamil queens. Strangely Sati is not in Manu Smriti or Rig Veda.
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Item 488 Aliens and ETs
Throughout Sanskrit literature we find the descriptions of ALIENS and EXTRA TERRESTRIALS (ET). Those things are repeated in Puram Verse 62 and many other Tamil poems.
Celestials who get food offerings, wear flowers that don’t fade, do not blink, guide the new arrivals in the other world that is so hard to obtain. May the glory of both of you glow!
More references to ETs:
பெரும்பாணாற்றுப்படை 429 – பொ. வே. சோமசுந்தரனார் உரை – இமைத்தல் இல்லாத இமையினையுடைய தேவர்கள். இமய மலையின் உச்சியில் தேவர்கள் உறைவர் என்பது மரபு. மதுரைக்காஞ்சி 457-458 – வாடாப் பூவின் இமையா நாட்டத்து நாற்ற உணவின் உருகெழு பெரியோர்க்கு. அனந்தல் (5) – ஒளவை துரைசாமி உரை –
Manu Smrti and our Puranas speak about various time zones for Devas and Brahma. When we hear about Extra Terrestrial Civilizations in distant planetary system we will understand such descriptions better.
We read that Devas can’t have sex in the Devaloka, can’t stand on their feet, can’t blink, their garlands never wither away , they can travel from one place to another place and appear intact, sages like Narada can do inter galactic travel (Tri Loka Sanchari) etc.
Atharva Veda Bhumi Sukta Mantra 7/ 63
Here the earth is praised as sweet hearted. Sweet honey MADHU is referred here and HEART (hrudaya) is mentioned in the 8th stanza.
Here we come across the word UNSLEEPING Devas. This is reference to Extra Terrestrials (ET). Throughout Hindu spics and Puranas/mythologies, we have following qualities attributed to ETs.
1.They are in the form of Light; Devas meaning Light Emitting.
2.They don’t wink their eyes; like fish they don’t close their eyes. Even Tamil poet Tiru Valluvar compared Devas with Thieves ; he humorously refers to thieves as Devas because thieves also never sleep during night (Kural 1073) This is my interpretation of Kural. Other old interpreters said both are same because they can do whatever they want to do; It doesn’t look right to me. Moreover, Valluvar used the Sanskrit word Devas instead of God (Iraivan).
3.They can’t have sex in the heaven. (they come to earth for it). Parvati cursed that they cant have sex in heaven according to Puranas.
4.They can travel to Earth with the speed of Mind (faster than Light; Einstein is only 50 % right)
6.Their garlands never wither away (because of metals like gold?)
7.They are always happy
8.They enjoy Dance and Music of Gandharvas and Apsaras
9.Even the Indus/Harappan symbol of Fish is compared to Devas by some scholars because both ‘Shine’ and both ‘never close their eyes’.
The seventh mantra says Devas protect earth without erring. That means aliens are always watching us. Intergalactic traveller NARADA visits earth now and then. Poet prays to earth to shower sweets on us. Madhu used here is Honey; also used in all poems on Asvins in the RV. Name of Narada appears for the first time in AV.
***
Puranānūru 62, Poet Kazhāthalaiyār sang for Cheraman Kudakkō Neduncheralathan and Chozhan Verpahradakkai Peruviral Killi,
1
How can they be victorious over the advancing foot soldiers? Female ghouls in bright coloured forms, plunge their hands into the wounds of dead warriors, smear their hair red with blood and dance to the soft, rhythmic beat of parai drums. Kites are feasting on the army, and the two kings have also perished along with their soldiers, kings with righteousness on their sides who fought a valiant war. Their royal umbrellas have drooped and their drums of renown stand ruined.
In that vast battle camp, hundreds of men from different lands have gathered together with no space left, and there is nobody with strength to take the field, and the combat has stopped suddenly causing fear.
2
Widows of warriors do not eat keerai or bathe in cold ponds. They are there, embracing the chests of their fallen husbands.
3
Celestials who get food offerings, wear flowers that don’t fade, do not blink, guide the new arrivals in the other world that is so hard to obtain. May the glory of both of you glow!
Notes: The poet wrote this after watching the two kings and their armies perish in battle. Puranānūru poems 62, 63 and 368 were written for Cheraman Kudakkō Neduncheralathan. Puranānūru poems 62 and 63 were written for Chozhan Verpahradakkai Peruviral Killi. Poet Kazhāthalaiyār wrote Puranānūru 62, 65, 270, 288, 289 and 368.
புறநானூறு62, பாடியவர்: கழாத்தலையார், பாடப்பட்டோர்: சேரமான் குடக்கோ நெடுஞ்சேரலாதன், சோழன் வேற்பஃறடக் கைப் பெருவிறற் கிள்ளி
1
வருதார் தாங்கி அமர் மிகல் யாவது? பொருது ஆண்டு ஒழிந்த மைந்தர் புண் தொட்டுக், குருதிச் செங்கைக் கூந்தல் தீட்டி, நிறம் கிளர் உருவின் பேஎய்ப் பெண்டிர் எடுத்து எறி அனந்தல் பறைச் சீர் தூங்கப், 5 பருந்து அருந்துற்ற தானையொடு செரு முனிந்து அறத்தின் மண்டிய மறப்போர் வேந்தர் தாம் மாய்ந்தனரே, குடை துளங்கினவே, உரை சால் சிறப்பின் முரைசு ஒழிந்தனவே பன் நூறு அடுக்கிய வேறுபடு பைஞ்ஞிலம் 10 இடம் கெட ஈண்டிய வியன் கண் பாசறைக், களம் கொளற்கு உரியோர் இன்றித் தெறுவர உடன் வீழ்ந்தன்றால் அமரே,
2
பெண்டிரும் பாசடகு மிசையார் பனி நீர் மூழ்கார் மார்பகம் பொருந்தி ஆங்கு அமைந்தன்றே,
3
வாடாப் பூவின் இமையா நாட்டத்து நாற்ற உணவினோரும் ஆற்ற அரும் பெறல் உலகம் நிறைய விருந்து பெற்றனரால், பொலிக நும் புகழே!
–subham—
Tags- Purananuru wonders-22, Tamil Encyclopedia-62, Aliens, ETs, Tamil Sangam Literature, Samudrika Lakshana, Tamil Poems,SATI IN SANGAM AGE, Item 488
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ராமாயணத்தில் வரங்கள் (53) மால்யவான், சுமாலி, மாலி ஆகியோருக்கு பிரம்மா வரம் அளித்தது!
ச. நாகராஜன்
‘மால்யவான் முதலியவர்களுடைய உற்பத்தி ‘ என்ற உத்தரகாண்டத்தின் ஐந்தாவது ஸர்க்கத்தில் மால்யவான், சுமாலி, மாலி ஆகியோருக்கு பிரம்மா வரம் அளித்த செய்தியைக் காண்கிறோம்.
விசுவாவஸு என்ற ராக்ஷஸனின் இரண்டாவது புதல்வியான தேவவதீ என்பவளை ஸுகேசன் என்ற ராக்ஷஸன் மணந்தான்.
அந்த தம்பதியர்க்கு மால்யவந்தன், சுமாலி, மாலி ஆகிய குமாரர்கள் பிறந்தனர். அவர்கள் திரேதாக்கினிகளான கார்ஹபத்தியம், ஆஹவநீயம், தக்ஷிணாக்னி போல தேஜோவான்களாக மிளிர்ந்தார்கள்.
தங்கள் தந்தை பரமேஸ்வரரை தியானித்து புரிந்த தவத்தால் வரபாக்கியம் பெற்றதை அறிந்த அவர்கள், அவரைப் போலவே தாங்களும் தவம் செய்ய மன உறுதி கொண்டு மேருமலைக்கு வந்தனர். கடுமையான தவத்தைப் புரிந்தனர்.
இதனால் பிரம்மதேவர் அவர்கள் முன் தோன்றி, “வரமளிக்கிறவனாகத் தோன்றி இருக்கின்றேன்” என்று கூறினார்.
பிரம்மாவிடம் சுகேசனது புதல்வர்களான மால்யவான், சுமாலி, மாலி ஆகியோர் தங்களுக்கு வேண்டிய வரத்தைக் கேட்க பிரம்மா அதைத் தந்தருளினார்.
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21-3-26 கல்கிஆன்லைன் இதழில் பிரசுரமாகியுள்ள கட்டுரை!
மன அழுத்தத்திற்கு முற்றுப் புள்ளி வைக்கும் 20 நிமிட கலைப் பயிற்சி!
ச. நாகராஜன்
உலகில் அனைவரது கவனத்தையும் ஈர்த்துள்ள ஒரு புதிய புத்தகம் ‘ஆர்ட் க்யூர்” ART CURE!
2026ம் ஆண்டு ஜனவரி மாதம் அதிகாரபூர்வமாக வெளியிடப்பட்ட இந்தப் புத்தகத்தை எழுதியவர் டெய்ஸி ஃபேன்கோர்ட் (Daisy Fancourt) என்ற பெண்மணி.
டாக்டரேட் பட்டம் பெற்றுள்ள இவர் யுனிவர்ஸிடி காலேஜ் ஆஃப் லண்டனில் சைக்கோ பயாலஜி மற்றும் எபிடெமியாலஜி துறையில் பேராசிரியராகப் பணியாற்றுகிறார்.
யாருமே இதுவரை செய்யாத ஒரு அபூர்வ ஆய்வை இவர் மேற்கொண்டார். என்ன அது?
கலைகளுக்கும் ஆரோக்கியத்திற்கும் உள்ளதொடர்பு பற்றிய ஒரு ஆய்வை இவர் மேற்கொண்டார்.
நல்ல உணவுத் திட்டம், உடல்பயிற்சி ஆகியவற்றை மேற்கொள்வது போல கலையைக் கற்பதும் உடல் நோய்களைக் குணப்படுத்தும், படைப்பாற்றல் திறனை ஊக்குவிக்கும், மன அமைதியை நல்கும் என்பதை இவரது ஆய்வின் முடிவு கண்டுபிடித்துள்ளது.
ஹீதர் ரோஸ் ஆர்டுஷின் (Heather Rose Artushin) என்ற
பெண்மணி இவரை சைக்காலஜி டு டே பத்திரிகைக்காக பேட்டி கண்டார்.
அதில் தன்னைப் பற்றியும் தனது ஆய்வைப் பற்றியும் இவர் மனம் திறந்து பல தகவல்களை வெளியிட்டார்.
15 வருடங்களாக ஒரு விஞ்ஞானியாக கலைகள், மனிதர்களின் ஆரோக்கியத்தை மேம்படுத்துவது பற்றி இவர் ஆராய்ச்சி செய்து வந்துள்ளார்.
எந்த ஒரு கலையிலும் ஈடுபடும் ஒருவர் தான் சந்தோஷமாக இருப்பதையும் மிகுந்த மனஅமைதியை பெறுவதையும் பொதுவாகக் குறிப்பிடுவது வழக்கம்.
ஆனால் அது ஒருவரின் வாழ்க்கையை நம்ப முடியாத உயரத்திற்கு ஏற்றும் என்றும் ஆரோக்கியம் மேம்படும் என்பதையும் இவர் உறுதிப்படுத்துகிறார்.
மூளையைப் படம்பிடித்து ஆராய்தல், உடலில் ஏற்படும் மாறுதல்களை ஆராய்தல், இரத்த சாம்பிள்களை எடுத்து ஆய்வு நடத்தல், ஏன் மரபணுவையே ஆய்வுக்கு உட்படுத்தல் என்பன போன்ற ஆய்வுகளை முழு வீச்சில் நடத்தி கலைகளில் ஈடுபடுவதானது உடலில் ஏற்படுத்தும் நல்ல விளைவுகளை அறிவியல் பூர்வமாகத் தொகுத்துள்ளார்.
மன ஆரோக்கியத்திற்கு கலைகள் பெரிதும் உதவுகின்றன. உணர்ச்சிகளைச் சீராக்கல், படைப்பாற்றலை மேம்படுத்தல் உள்ளிட்ட பல நலன்கள் கலைகளில் ஈடுபடுவதால் ஏற்படுகின்றன. மூளையில் டோபமைன் என்ற முக்கிய நியூரோ டிரான்ஸ்மிட்டர் (இரசாயன தூதுவர்) அதிகரிக்கிறது. மன அழுத்த ஹார்மோனானான கார்டிஸால் குறைகிறது.
ஒவ்வொருவரும் உணவுத் திட்டத்தை சீர்படுத்தி அமைத்துக் கொள்வது போல கலைகளிலும் ஒரு நாளைக்கு இருபது நிமிட நேரமாவது ஈடுபட வேண்டும் என்கிறார் இவர்.
இசை, நடனம், ஓவியம், நடிப்பு என்று எந்தக் கலை ஆகட்டும் நன்மையே பயக்கும்.
கலை ஈடுபாட்டை ஒரு ப்ரிஸ்கிரிப்ஷனாகவே தர வேண்டும் என்ற இவரது அதிரடி சிபாரிசு கலைப்பிரியர்களுக்கும் கலாரசிகர்களுக்கும் ஒரு இன்ப அதிர்ச்சியையே தருகிறது!
இதை ஆதாரத்துடன் ஆய்வு முடிவுகளைச் சுட்டிக் காட்டிக் கூறும் போது இந்த அறிவியல் ஆமோதிப்பை அனைவரும் மனம் திறந்து வரவேற்கத்தானே வேண்டும்!
ஆர்ட் க்யூர் புத்தகம் விற்பனையில் சக்கை போடு போடுகிறது.
புத்தகத்தின் விலை பேப்பர் பேக் எடிஷன் ரூ 662.33. பக்கங்கள் 328.
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Purananuru Wonders -20 Ancient Tamil Encyclopaedia -Part 60; One Thousand Interesting Facts -Part 60
***
Item 450 Notable similes
Two similes are notable in Puram verse 54.
“He gives to everybody who comes to him, without limits and without stopping, shaming the generosity of clouds”,
King’s generosity is compared to rainy clouds. This is a common simile in Tamil and Sanskrit. The meaning is that both did not expect anything in return.
Another simile is
“are like a whistling goat herder who wears soiled clothes and a dirty garland, who is unable to go near a vast place where a tiger lives, with his goats with small heads”
Enemy kings are like small headed goats; our king Kothai is like a tiger.
***
Item 451 Whistling
Another interesting thing about the cowherd or goatherd. When the day comes to an end they whistle to bring back all the goats into the shed. They use the dogs to round up the goats and sheep to drive them back into the shed. Even Scottish shepherds whistle to do this. It is strange that all over the world they whistle using their mouth to do this.
***
Item 452 Appearance
The description of the goat herd or shepherd is notable. In other poems in the Sangam literature, they add the word Kallaa- uneducated, illiterate–.to cowherders. Even Andal in Tiruppavai repeated that. So we know they never go to school for basic education; there may be one or two exceptions. Here the poet says,
“like a whistling goat herder who wears soiled clothes and a dirty garland”.
***
Item 453 No Visa Entry
In the ancient India, poets and saints did not have any restriction or hurdle in entering a palace or an assembly. They never needed a visa to enter another country or territory. This can be seen in all the Puranas. They simply inform the gatekeeper and immediately the king comes to the gate to receive them or give them immediate audience. Here also the bard or the poet makes it clear.
****
Puranānūru 54, Poet Kōnāttu Erichalūr Mādalan Mathurai Kumaranār sang for Cheraman Kuttuvan Kōthai,
In the ancient, uproarious town where my king is, those like me can enter his great day assembly with our heads held high! It is easy for those like me to approach him. Not just that. He gives to everybody who comes to him, without limits and without stopping, shaming the generosity of clouds, Kōthai with charitable hands and fast horses.
The mighty kings who have risen up against our lord with great strength, are like a whistling goat herder who wears soiled clothes and a dirty garland, who is unable to go near a vast place where a tiger lives, with his goats with small heads. His country is not approachable by enemy kings.
Notes: This is the only poem written for this king. He was a contemporary of Chozhan Ilavanthikai Palli Thunjiya Nalankilli and Chozhan Kurāpalli Thunjiya Perunthirumāvalavan. This poet wrote Puranānūru poems 54, 61, 167, 180, 197 and 394.
எங்கோன் இருந்த கம்பலை மூதூர் உடையோர் போல இடையின்று குறுகிச், செம்மல் நாள் அவை அண்ணாந்து புகுதல் எம்மன வாழ்க்கை இரவலர்க்கு எளிதே, இரவலர்க்கு எண்மை அல்லது புரவு எதிர்ந்து, 5
2
வானம் நாண, வரையாது சென்றோர்க்கு ஆனாது ஈயும் கவிகை வண்மைக் கடுமான் கோதை துப்பு எதிர்ந்து எழுந்த நெடுமொழி மன்னர் நினைக்குங் காலைப்,
4 சிறுதலை ஆயமொடு குறுகல் செல்லாப் புலி துஞ்சு வியன் புலத்து அற்றே, வலி துஞ்சு தடக்கை அவனுடை நாடே.
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Item 454
“O Māran donning a flower garland! You are like the god with a blue throat, a glowing eye, and a crescent moon on his head, who used the soaring mountain as a large bow, and a snake as a string, and with one arrow ruined three forts and brought victory to the celestials”.
Lord Shiva destroyed three hanging castles in the sky occupied by three demons. This anecdote is in the ancient Puranas and all the devotional songs sung by Saivite as well as Vaishnavite saints, Naayanmaars and Aalvaars.
Though Sangam literature mentioned Lord Shiva in many other places, this specific story is more important ; many Puranic stories reached common man in Tamil Nadu 2000 years ago!
Let us look at the story/anecdote:
Story of Tripurantaka murti- Tripuraantaka—is connected to puranas. Siva killed three demons and reduced their magic cities to ashes. During this campaign the earth served Siva as a chariot and the sun and the moon as wheels. The four Vedas were the four horses and the Upanishads were the guiding reins; the mythic golden mountain Meru was the bow, the ocean was the quiver and god Vishnu was the arrow.
Images of Tripurantaka were made with right leg firmly placed on the pedestal and the left leg bent. The right forehand is in the simha karna posture holds the arrow and the left fore arm, the bow. The other hands hold the tanka or axe and the deer respectively. His locks are arranged in the form of a jatamakuta and the goddess Gauri stands on the left side.
In the chariot, at its front, is seated the four faced brahma and below him is a white bull.
The Demons: Tarakasura’s sons—Taarakaksha, Kamalaksha, and Vidyumaali—performed severe penance to Lord Brahma to gain immense power.
The Three Cities (Tripura): Brahma granted them three invincible, flying cities that could only be destroyed by a single arrow when they aligned, which happened once in a thousand years. The Asuras had three cities: the lowest was of iron, then there was one of silver, then one of gold
Symbolism: Shiva destroyed the cities with a single, flaming arrow. The story symbolizes Shiva’s role in destroying the three inner impurities—ignorance, ego, and negativity.
Shiva is often depicted as the “laughing” destroyer (Tripurantaka), holding a bow, and sometimes, in some versions, the cities were destroyed by a mere smile.
My interpretation
Hindus thought of creating even space stations thousands of years before the modern space stations of Russia and America. Moreover Siva must have burnt them in a second with his laser sword. And the metals used to build them are also important. If one has to burn them one needs immense heat that can be generated with lasers. Siva did this by lauging is recited throughout Tevaram songs.
Tripura Antaka Statues are in famous temples like Madurai and Chidambaram. An image of tripurantaka murti in the thousand pillared hall of Madurai temple shows an actual figure of Vishnu on the arrow held by Siva.
This is seen in many archaeological monuments too
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Item 455 Four fold Army
you own an army with these four divisions – murderous elephants with fierce rage, proud swift horses, tall chariots with rising flags, and foot soldiers with
Hindus invented the board game Chess and spread it throughout the world. We see the four- fold army there. It is in all our epics, inscriptions, Kalidas and other Sanskrit books. Being Pukka Hindu rulers, Tamils followed the same Six Seasons, Same Fourfold army, same Spy and Duta/ambassador system. (In my old articles I have given the relevant quotes)
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Item 456 Sun and Moon
Sun and Moon are compared with the qualities of a king in Raghuvamsam of Kalidasa and Manu smriti. Er see it here in the poem.
with bravery and manliness like the sun, coolness and tenderness like the moon and charity like the sky,
Raghuvamsam of Kalidasa – 4-12 and many more poems.
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Item 457 Sand particles, rain drops
Greatness! May your life be long with more days than the number of sands
King is greeted to have long life and the years in his life span are compared to the number of raindrops or sand particles on a beach. This is repeated by many Sangam poets.
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Item 457 Lord Muruga/ Skanda in Tiruchendur
roll from the deep waters in Senthil where Murukan rules!
Lord Skanda/ Kartikeya (Murugan in Tamil) is the subject of another Sangam book Tirumurukatruppadai. Lord Muruga is worshipped by millions of Hindus even today in his Six Abodes known as Aru Padai Veedukal. Tiruchendur on the eastern sea shore is one of the six abodes and the poet Maruthan Ilanaakan refers to it .
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Puranānūru 55, Poet Mathurai Maruthan Ilanākanār sang to Pandiyan Ilavanthikaipalli Thunjiya Nanmāran
1 O Māran donning a flower garland! You are like the god with a blue throat, a glowing eye, and a crescent moon on his head, who used the soaring mountain as a large bow, and a snake as a string, and with one arrow ruined three forts and brought victory to the celestials.
2
You are superior to all the other kings!
Even though you own an army with these four divisions – murderous elephants with fierce rage, proud swift horses, tall chariots with rising flags, and foot soldiers with strength in their hearts and desire for battles, esteemed righteousness is the foremost cause for real victory. So, not thinking that they are ‘ours’ and being unjust to favor them, and not hurting others because they are ‘not ours’, 3
with bravery and manliness like the sun, coolness and tenderness like the moon and charity like the sky, possessing these three great virtues, may you live a long life, so that there will not be people in need without anything!
4
Greatness! May your life be long with more days than the number of sands brought and heaped by powerful winds, with deep scars, on the lovely vast shores of the ocean where white-crested waves
5 roll from the deep waters in Senthil where Murukan rules!
***
புறநானூறு 55, பாடியவர்: மதுரை மருதன் இளநாகனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: பாண்டியன் இலவந்திகைப்பள்ளித் துஞ்சிய நன்மாறன்,
1 ஓங்கு மலைப் பெருவில் பாம்புஞாண் கொளீஇ, ஒரு கணை கொண்டு மூவெயில் உடற்றிப் பெரு விறல் அமரர்க்கு வெற்றி தந்த கறை மிடற்று அண்ணல் காமர் சென்னிப் பிறை நுதல் விளங்கும் ஒருகண் போல, 5 வேந்து மேம்பட்ட பூந்தார் மாற!
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
xxxx
I was lucky to visit Pratyangira Devi Temple in Ayyavadi ,very near Kumbakonam , in Tamil Nadu. Earlier I had visited Pratyangira Devi Temple in Raja Kilpauk near Tambaram, Chennai. Swami Santhanada of Pudukottai installed Sarabeswarar and Pratyangira Devi in Skandashram near Tambaram. I visited the temple twice in the past few years. In Skandashram, the statues are huge. But in Ayyavadi it is of normal size.
Pratyangira Devi is another form of Bhadrakali or Durga. In Ayyavadi, it is part of a thousand year old Shiva temple known as Agastheewarar Temple. When I went there on March 12, 2026 main Shiva temple was closed for renovation work. But I had good darshan of Pratyangira Devi in the same temple compound. One can feel the divine atmosphere there.
People believe that worshipping Her, they can destroy the evil forces. Those who want to win in some cases or to defeat their enemies go there and do Puja or Yaga.
On New moon days special Yagas/fire ceremonies are organised. In this temple, there are idols of Goddess Lakshmi and Sarswathy placed nearby the idol of Goddess Pratyangira. Goddess Lakshmi is standing in her Pratyangira form and also in her normal form.
H Krishna Sastri in his book South Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses (year 1916) adds the following details:
Pratyangira has four arms and a face as terrible as that of a lion. Her hair stands erect on her head. In her hands she holds a skull, trident, kettledrum and the noose (naaga paasa). She is seated on a lion and by her power destroys all enemies.
He has published tow pictures and he says, “The lion vehicle is missing in the Tirupparaithurai bronze. The Tiruchengodu statue has the sword and shield in place of skull and noose. And a breast band like Durga. Both are called Bhadrakaali by the people”.
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In the Skandasramam book, following information is given:
Angiras and Prathyangiras were the two ascetics who found out the mantra of this deity. The potency of the mantra is so high that one should not have any ill feelings towards the one who chants it.
She had sent Veerabhdra to violently interrupt and break up the sacrificial fire performed by Daksha, accompanied by Pratyangira. The mantras tell us she is but the embodiment of the wrath of Parvathi.
As Indrajit (in Ramayana) felt that he could not defeat Rama and Lakshmana in the battle, he got up to a sacrificial fire with the chanting of the Pratyangira mantra in the Nigumbala. On knowing this Lakshmana went there and broke it up”.
The book gives also the Mantras for this deity in Sanskrit. Any one interested in it may go through the book. It is in Devanagari lipi. ( I have one copy of the book)
Chennai Sri Skandasramam
Splendour and Vision
Published by Swayamprakasa Awadhuta Trust, Pudukkottai.
Available in Chennai, Salem and Pudukottai where the trust have centres.
***
Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology published by Hamlyn has a colour picture of the goddess with the following caption:
“Durga Pratyangira: one of the terrifying forms assumed by Siva’s wife.The goddess is seated on a jewelled Padmasana holding her husband’s trident, sword and drum and a bowl for blood. Her name, in this south Indian representation, has Tantric associations while her form as Kaali is seen in the long teeth and the tongues of fire. Kali in Vedic times is the name of Fire God’s black terrifying flame. (Tricinopoly Painting, Nineteenth Century A D)”
***
In the Shaiva tradition, Shiva assumed the form of Sharabha, a bird-lion hybrid form with two wings of Shakti in the form of Shulini Devi and Pratyangira Devi to calm down Narasimha. Seeing this, Narasimha created Gandaberunda, a powerful two-headed bird, to fight Sharabha. Seeing that the fight between Sharabha and Gandaberunda was terrorizing the world, Pratyangira in her ugra form was released from the third eye of Sharabha. The war ended with Pratyangira’s roar. Narasimha resumed his Satvik form, and thus Dharma in the world was restored.
***
Wisdom lib.org gives following information about the goddess:
Pratyangira is endowed with four arms and a face as terrible as that of a lion. Her head is that of a male lion and her body is that of a human-female. Her hair stands erect on her head. In her hands she holds a skull, trident, Damaru and the noose (nagapasa). She is seated on a lion and by her power destroys all enemies.
In Tantric worship, Pratyangira is shown with a dark complexion, ferocious in aspect, having a lion’s face with reddened eyes and riding a lion wearing black garments, she wears a garland of human skulls; her hair strands on end, and she holds a trident, a serpent in the form of a noose, a hand-drum and a skull in her four hands. She is also associated with Bhairava, as Atharvana-Bhadra-Kali.
Pratyaṅgirā (प्रत्यङ्गिरा) is a form of Kālī and identified with Goddess Tvaritā, according to the Kulakaulinīmata verse 3.310.—Tvaritā is also identified as Pratyaṅgirā, a form of Kālī.
–subham—
Tags- Pratyangira devi, Ayyavadi temple, Chennai Skandasram temple, London swaminathan , images of Pratyangira
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
xxxx
Purananuru Wonders -18 Ancient Tamil Encyclopaedia -Part 58; One Thousand Interesting Facts -Part 58
Item 429
Context: Two Chozha kings were feuding. The poet sang this to Chozhan Nedunkilli who was not politically astute, when Chozhan Nalankilli besieged Āvūr and Chozhan Nedunkilli was hiding inside his palace
Do or Die; Kshatriya Dharma
Two Choza kings were fighting with one another, and the poet Kovur Kizar asked the hiding Nedunkilli Choza to come out and fight or accept defeat. This reminds us of Bhagavad Gita where Krishna points out to Arjuna to get up and fight. That is the Kshatriya Dharma.
“Do not yield to this degrading impotence, O son of Pṛthā! It does not become you. Give up such petty weakness of heart and arise, O chastiser of the enemy!”
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Item 430
War time woes
We see a lot of bad things happening in the Middle East where common folk suffer more than fighters. This is what happened in ancient Tamil Nadu as well. Chera, Choza, Pandyas fought with one another.People suffered a lot, says the poet.
Women and children were suffering. Even animals could not enjoy normal life.
In the Ukraine- Russia War and the Middle East war thousands of cats and dogs were abandoned or killed. Public had to live in shelters fearing bomb explosions every hour.
Now we know that it has been going on for over 2000 years. History repeats itself.
Even in the Dharma Yuddha during the epic period, we hear how moral codes were violated. At the end of Mahabharata war, Pandavas lost all their children and grand children when three of the Kaurava survivors set fire to the Pandava army tents. Only one in the womb of a pregnant Pandava woman survived to continue the Kuru Vamsa.
பால் இல் குழவி அலறவும் – and babies without milk crying, மகளிர் – women, பூ இல் – without flowers, வறுந்தலை முடிப்பவும் – and tying hair without oil, நீர் இல் வினை புனை நல் இல் இனைகூஉக் கேட்பவும் – and hearing the sad sounds of women in finely made houses without water
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Item 431
Courage of the Poets
Nowadays even journalists are afraid to write what is right and what is wrong. Unlike Lord Krishna, Kovur Kizar was just a poet. But in those days poets and saints acted without any fear or favour. They were not selfish like modern day journalists.
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Puranānūru 44, Poet Kōvūr Kizhār sang to Chozhan Nedunkilli, Thinai:
1
(War time woes)
The male elephants cannot go to the huge reservoirs to bathe with their females, nor have they been fed mashed rice mixed with ghee, and so they lean on their strong posts with perfect bases, bending them, distressed, their trunks rolling on the ground as they sigh with hot breaths and trumpet like thunder.
Babies scream without milk, women tie their bare hair without flowers and wailing sounds are heard from fine, well-constructed houses that have no water. It is cruel for you to linger here,
2
(Kshatriya Dhama- Do or Die)
O Greatness with powerful horses whose strengths are hard to measure! If you are righteous, open the gates and tell him that it is his. If you live by martial laws, open and fight!
If you are without righteousness or martial courage and just hide on one side within your high walls, your door with sturdy headers closed, it is cause for shame!
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புறநானூறு44, பாடியவர்: கோவூர் கிழார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சோழன் நெடுங்கிள்ளி, திணை: வாகை, துறை: அரச வாகை
1 இரும் பிடித் தொழுதியொடு பெருங்கயம் படியா, நெல்லுடைக் கவளமொடு நெய்ம்மிதி பெறாஅ, திருந்தரை நோன் வெளில் வருந்த ஒற்றி, நில மிசைப் புரளும் கைய வெய்து உயிர்த்து, அலமரல் யானை உருமென முழங்கவும், 5 பால் இல் குழவி அலறவும் மகளிர் பூ இல் வறுந்தலை முடிப்பவும், நீர் இல் வினை புனை நல் இல் இனைகூஉக் கேட்பவும், இன்னாது அம்ம ஈங்கு இனிது இருத்தல் துன்னரும் துப்பின் வயமான் தோன்றல்! 10
2 அறவை ஆயின் நினது எனத் திறத்தல்! மறவை ஆயின் போரொடு திறத்தல்! அறவையும் மறவையும் அல்லையாகத், திறவாது அடைத்த திண்ணிலைக் கதவின் நீள் மதில் ஒரு சிறை ஒடுங்குதல் 15 நாணுத் தகவுடைத்து இது காணுங்காலே.
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Item 432
Fearless poet Kovur Kizar points out that both kings belonged to the same Choza Vamsa/lineage. It is like two brothers fighting. This shows the condition of ancient Tamil Nadu where brotherly fighting continued for over 1500 years. In other parts of the world such a thing happened only for a few hundred years.
ஆத்தி, a garland dense with bauhinia flowers
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Puranānūru 45, Poet Kōvūr Kizhār sang to Chozhan Nalankilli and Chozhan Nedunkilli
You are not wearing garland made with white fronds of palm trees, or a garland from a neem tree with black branches. You are wearing a garland dense with āthi flowers, and the one fighting with you also wears a garland dense with āthi flowers.
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புறநானூறு45, பாடியவர்: கோவூர் கிழார், பாடப்பட்டோர்: சோழன் நலங்கிள்ளியும், நெடுங்கிள்ளியும், திணை: வஞ்சி, துறை: துணை வஞ்சி இரும்பனை வெண்தோடு மலைந்தோன் அல்லன், கருஞ்சினை வேம்பின் தெரியலோன் அல்லன், நின்ன கண்ணியும் ஆர் மிடைந்தன்றே, நின்னொடு பொருவோன் கண்ணியும் ஆர் மிடைந்தன்றே, ஒருவீர் தோற்பினும் தோற்ப நும் குடியே, 5 இருவீர் வேறல் இயற்கையும் அன்றே, அதனால், குடிப் பொருள் அன்று நும் செய்தி, கொடித் தேர் நும்மோர் அன்ன வேந்தர்க்கு மெய்ம்மலி உவகை செய்யும், இவ் இகலே.
***
Item 433
Kovur Kizar also pointed out that Chozas came from North West India where the Sibi, ancestor of Chozas lived and ruled. Again he points out the suffering of people during war times.
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Puranānūru 46, Poet Kōvūr Kizhār sang to Chozhan Kulamutrathu Thunjiya Killivalavan, Thinai: Vanji, Thurai: Thunai Vanji
You are the heir of him who removed not just the anguish of a dove, but also wiped away many other sorrows. They descend from men who shared with others and ate, who, fearing the poverty of wise men, gave cool shade to them.
These children with parched heads who cried looking at the elephant have forgotten to cry now, and eye the new crowds with bewildered looks. They have this new distress. You have heard what I had to say! Do what you may!
புறநானூறு46, பாடியவர்: கோவூர் கிழார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சோழன் குளமுற்றத்துத் துஞ்சிய கிள்ளிவளவன், திணை: வஞ்சி, துறை: துணை வஞ்சி
நீயே புறவின் அல்லல் அன்றியும் பிறவும் இடுக்கண் பலவும் விடுத்தோன் மருகனை, இவரே புலன் உழுது உண்மார் புன்கண் அஞ்சித் தமது பகுத்து உண்ணும் தண்ணிழல் வாழ்நர், களிறு கண்டு அழூஉம் அழாஅல் மறந்த 5 புன்தலைச் சிறாஅர், மன்று மருண்டு நோக்கி, விருந்திற் புன்கண் நோவுடையர், கேட்டனையாயின், நீ வேட்டது செய்ம்மே.
***
Item 434
Saved another poet
Here is an interesting anecdote to show the power and influence of ancient Tamil poets. Kovur Kizar saved one poet who was dubbed as a spy of enemy king.
A poet named Ilanthathan came from Chozhan Nalankilli who was besieging Uraiyur. Chozhan Nedunkilli thought he was a spy and was going to kill him. Poet Kovūr Kizhār sang this and saved him
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Item 435 Poet’s Life
To save a comrade, Kovur Kizar says what his comrades do. Here we see a beautiful description of the life and role of a Tamil Poet. They were honest, kind and selfless people.
Here is what he says about a poet,
“being happy for what is given to them, eating without saving and giving to others without holding back, is the sad life of those in need. Is this life harmful to others?”
***
Puranānūru 47, Poet Kōvūr Kizhār sang to Chozhan Nedunkilli, Thinai: Vanji, Thurai: Thunai Vanji
***
புறநானூறு47, பாடியவர்: கோவூர் கிழார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சோழன் நெடுங்கிள்ளி,
வள்ளியோர்ப் படர்ந்து புள்ளின் போகி, நெடிய என்னாது சுரம் பல கடந்து,
நண்ணார் நாண அண்ணாந்து ஏகி, ஆங்கு இனிது ஒழுகின் அல்லது, ஓங்கு புகழ் மண்ணாள் செல்வம் எய்திய 10 நும்மோர் அன்ன செம்மலும் உடைத்தே.
***
Item 436
KOTHAI- Pun on the word கோதை
King’s name is Maa Kothai. Kothai has two other meanings: Garland, Woman.
Here poet Poykaiyar used it in two or three meanings
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Item 437
Another interesting thing is the name of the poet
Poikai means a tank , a water source.
Of the 12 Alvars, Tamil Viaishnavite poets, early three were called Muthal Muuvar – First Three. One of them is Poikai Alvar. So that Alvar musrt have lived nearer to Sangam period. The reason for my guess is that we rarely find this name.
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Item 438
Another interesting thing is the word Iraivan
The poet called his patron king Iraivan, which means God. Nowadays this is used for Gods only.
In the ancient Tamil world , words like Kovil, Iraivan were used for King, his palace etc., because Hindus considered king as God.அவன் எம் இறைவன்
Puranānūru 48, Poet Poykaiyār sang for Cheraman Kōkōthai Mārpan,
Thondi with groves has honey fragrance from the garlands worn by Kōthai, those worn by his wives, and the waterlilies blooming in the vast backwaters.
That is my town. He is my king. Think of me, O man of ancient wisdom who seeks patrons. If you go to him, tell him “I saw the man who sang your praises when you were victorious in battle”.
***
புறநானூறு48, பாடியவர்: பொய்கையார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சேரமான் கோக்கோதைமார்பன், திணை: பாடாண், துறை: புலவராற்றுப்படை
2 மாக்கழி மலர்ந்த நெய்தலானும், கள் நாறும்மே கானல் அம் தொண்டி அஃது எம் ஊரே, அவன் எம் இறைவன், 5
அன்னோன் படர்தி ஆயின், நீயும் எம்மும் உள்ளுமோ முதுவாய் இரவல! அமர் மேம்படூஉம் காலை நின், புகழ் மேம்படுநனைக் கண்டனம் எனவே.
***
Item 439
Puram verse 49 is skipped; nothing interesting is found.
Puram verse 50 by Mosikeeranar has an interesting anecdote.
(When poet Mōsi Keeranār climbed unknowingly on the bed of the royal drum, he woke up only to find the king fanning him. This king is the son of the Chera king Selvakkadunkō Valiyāthan for whom Kapilar wrote Pathitruppathu 61-70 and Puranānūru 8 and 14. Pathitruppathu poems 71-80 were written by the poet Arisil Kizhār for this king. Thakadur is modern Dharmapuri, and that is where the king defeated Athiyan Ezhini (Athiyamān Nedumān Anji). Mōsi Keeranār wrote Puranānūru 50, 154, 155, 156 and 186)
A poet by name Mosikeeran was very tired when he arrived at the king’s palace. There was the palace drum decorated with flowers and fine cloths; the poet mistaking it for a bed climbed it and lied on the drum. The king came to know that someone showed disrespect to his royal symbol. When he approached the place, he was informed that person was a tired poet sleeping there. Without becoming angry and without disturbing the poet’s sleep, he fanned him with the royal fan.
In Tamil Nadu Royal Drum, Royal Tree, Royal emblems and Royal Umbrella were respected as King himself. Anyone showing disrespect to it, will lose his life. Here we see a quite opposite action.
This will remind anyone of another incident. King Raja Raja Choza lived 1000 years ago. He built the famous Thanjavur Big Shiva Temple. While the construction was going on Rajaraja came to supervise the work. The sculptors always chew the betel leaves and supari (betel nuts) and spit the waste out. To save the sanctity of the place an attendant used to hold a cup or bowl to get the spit. When the king came, the attendant of the chief sculptor was absent for some minutes. When the sculptor wanted to spit the betel waste King Rajaraja himself held the bowl and received it. Sculptors never remove their eyes from the stone they are sculpting; so he did not even see the king. Only when hus attendant came back the chief sculptor knew it was the mighty Choza king who served as his servant for some time. He profusely apologised but the king felt very happy to see the astute care the sculptor was showing in his work.
***
Item 440
The poet finds a reason for the king’s action. Since the king was a Tamil scholar he gave that much respect to the poet. Such is the value of Tamil language.
***
Item 441
Poet Mosi Keeranar adds one more point.
Is it because you knew that in the upper world there is room only for those who lived in this earth with soaring fame?
Hindus believe that those who meritorious things on earth only will get a place in the heaven.
***
Puranānūru 50, Poet Mōsi Keeranār sang to Cheraman Thakadur Erintha Peruncheral Irumporai,
1 Before it was brought back from washing, the fierce, dark wood drum, tightly tied with long leather straps, that hungers for blood, decorated with dense, long feathers with bright spots belonging to peacocks, sapphire strands, and flowers of ulignai vines that have gold colored tender leaves, I climbed on its delicate flower bed, as soft as the foam on oil, in ignorance. You did not chop me into pieces in anger,
2
because of your great knowledge of fine Thamizh. Not satisfied with that, you came close to me and fanned me with your strong arms that are like drums, to keep me cool.
3
What is the reason for this, O victorious king? Is it because you knew that in the upper world there is room only for those who lived in this earth with soaring fame?
***
புறநானூறு50, பாடியவர்: மோசிகீரனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சேரமான் தகடூர் எறிந்த பெருஞ்சேரல் இரும்பொறை,
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
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Purananuru Wonders -17, Ancient Tamil Encyclopaedia -Part 57; One Thousand Interesting Facts -Part 57
SAKUNA/OMENS AND SANSKRIT WORDS IN PURANANURU VERSE 41
(Vaidehi Herbert’s English Translation of Purananuru is used by me; thanks)
***
Item 416 Sanskrit words in Puram 41
Poet Kovur Kizar used lot of materials from Sanskrit books. In Puram 41 we see a number of Sanskrit words.
Kaala- Time; used in all Sangam works and Tirukkural
Kaalan- Yama, God of Death
Brahmins salute the Vedic Gods, Planets and Directions thrice a day in the Sandhyavandana. When they salute Yama, God of Death Facing South, they recite all the names of God of Death; and one of them is Kaala.
Disai=Dik= Direction
English word Direction and Tamil word Disaiare from Sanskrit Dik, Disaa.
Emam – Kshemam
Urkam- Ulka in Vedas
The most common Sanskrit word for meteor is ulkā (उल्का), which typically denotes a meteor, firebrand, or fiery appearance. It refers to shooting stars, often appearing in literature from the Rigveda onwards.
***
Item 417 Sakuna/Omens
Tamil commentators on Puram 41, list the omens without telling the readers that they are Bad Omens. Because Tamils already knew about bad omens and they follow this science in their life, commentators leave it without explaining.
Brhat Samhita of Varahamihira has one full chapter on Omens (Chapter 86)
Valmiki Ramayana and Mahabharata have lot of references to Omens.
Many of the things mentioned here are already in the epics.
shooting stars falling in all the eight directions, long branches of huge trees parched without any leaves, sun with its scorching rays burning, bird calls heard as terrifying sounds, teeth falling on the ground, pouring oil on hair, men riding on boars, people removing their clothes and silver hued mighty weapons falling from an overturned cot.
***
Puranānūru 41, Kōvūr Kizhār sang to Chozhan Kulamutrathu Thunjiya Killivalavan
1
O king who triumphs in battles! Even Kootruvan, the god of death, will wait for the due time. You do not wait, but kill, when you want, destroying fine men owing armies with many spears!
2
You invade the lands of enemies causing distress. In dreams and in reality, men see sights that are rare: shooting stars falling in all the eight directions, long branches of huge trees parched without any leaves, sun with its scorching rays burning, bird calls heard as terrifying sounds, teeth falling on the ground, pouring oil on hair, men riding on boars, people removing their clothes and silver hued mighty weapons falling from an overturned cot.
3
O King who is mighty in battles! You advance like fire combined with wind. When they see you, your enemies who enraged you, who do not have KSHEMAM/EMAM/protection, kiss the flower-like eyes of their children, and hide their sorrow from their wives!
Madurai Nayak Kings received it from Goddess Meenakshi and the ceremony is repeated every year even today in a symbolic ceremony.
Kerala King submit it in the temple of Padmanabha Swamy in Thiruvanathapuram, when they go out of the country with a request to the God to take care of it till he comes back.
There are many instances like this in Hindu History.
Recently Indian Parliament had such a ceremony.
***
Item 420 Good Simile
The king protects his people like a tiger protects its cubs.
Item 421
Tamils’ Hospitality and Tamil Food
In the following lines Tamil food and drink that is served to guests are explained
Your citizens are hospitable to their relatives from arid lands, and give them vālai fish that rice reapers remove from the lower sluices, tortoises overturned by the plow blades of those who plow, sweet juice that harvesters take from sugarcanes, and waterlilies plucked by women on the huge shores. Like the rivers
***
Item 422 Vedic Simile
Like the rivers that descend from the mountains, run on the land, and flow toward the ocean, all the poets come to you
The poet has translated a famous Sansskrit saying which Brahmins recite thrice a day in their Sandhayavandana. Moreover this simile is used in umpteen places in Sanskrit books. Hindus are very familiar with geography.
The phrase “Akashat patitam toyam, yatha gacchati sagaram, sarva deva namaskaram, Keshavam prati gacchati” means that just as rain water from the sky flows towards the sea, worship offered to any deity reaches Shri Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Akl the T sounds are change into S sound in Tamil and English.
TION in English is pronounced as SION in English.
In Tamil Visham= Vitam; Basha= Paadai etc.
So Tamil is not a Dravidian language
Tamil and Sanskrit have come from the same root.
So Tamil and Sanskrit are Hindu /Indian languages; neither Aryan nor Dravidian.
***
Puranānūru 42, Poet Idaikkādanār sang to Chozhan Kulamutrathu Thunjiya Killivalavan,
1
You are endless in charity and a leader of murderous battles! Lord, your elephants appear like mountains! Your army roars like the ocean! Your spears gleam like lightning! You have the ability to make the kings of the world tremble! What you do is never wrong and this is not new to you!
2 With your righteousness and faultless scepter, you afford protection
3 as a tiger protects its cub, and your citizens listen only to the sounds of cool water even in dreams, and not those of warriors in your battlefields crying, “May you live long, Valavan! Remove our sorrows!”
4
You are the ruler of a fine and greatly prosperous country with rich towns with fields. Your citizens are hospitable to their relatives from arid lands, and give them vālai fish that rice reapers remove from the lower sluices, tortoises overturned by the plow blades of those who plow, sweet juice that harvesters take from sugarcanes, and waterlilies plucked by women on the huge shores.
5
Like the rivers that descend from the mountains, run on the land, and flow toward the ocean, all the poets come to you. When you glance at the countries of the two other kings, you are like Kootruvan with great might who is enraged, as he whirls his axe, for which there just suffering and no cure!
***
புறநானூறு42, பாடியவர்: இடைக்காடனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சோழன் குளமுற்றத்துத்துஞ்சிய கிள்ளிவளவன், திணை: வாகை, துறை: அரச வாகை
ஆனா ஈகை அடு போர் அண்ணல்! நின் யானையும் மலையின் தோன்றும் பெரும! நின் தானையும் கடலென முழங்கும், கூர் நுனை வேலும் மின்னின் விளங்கும், உலகத்து அரைசு தலை பனிக்கும் ஆற்றலை ஆதலின், 5 புரை தீர்ந்தன்று, அது புதுவதோ அன்றே, தண் புனல் பூசல் அல்லது நொந்து, களைக வாழி வளவ என்று நின் முனைதரு பூசல் கனவினும் அறியாது, புலி புறங்காக்கும் குருளை போல 10 மெலிவு இல் செங்கோல் நீ புறங்காப்பப், பெருவிறல் யாணர்த்து ஆகி அரிநர் கீழ் மடைக் கொண்ட வாளையும், உழவர் படை மிளிர்ந்திட்ட யாமையும், அறைநர் கரும்பிற் கொண்ட தேனும், பெருந்துறை 15 நீர்தரு மகளிர் குற்ற குவளையும், வன்புலக் கேளிர்க்கு வருவிருந்து அயரும் மென்புல வைப்பின் நன்னாட்டுப் பொருந! மலையின் இழிந்து மாக் கடல் நோக்கி நிலவரை இழிதரும் பல் யாறு போலப் 20 புலவரெல்லாம் நின் நோக்கினரே, நீயே மருந்து இல் கணிச்சி வருந்த வட்டித்துக் கூற்று வெகுண்டன்ன முன்பொடு, மாற்று இரு வேந்தர் மண் நோக்கினையே.
***
Item 424 Narasimha in Puranauru
Puram verse 43 is composed by Poet Narasimha!
Thāmarpal Kannanār is Tamil Translation of Narasimha.
The reason for my interpretation is the subject he is dealing with- Vaalakilya Rishis
Om Vajranakhaya Vidmahe Tiksnadamstraya Dhimahi Tanno Narasimhah
Meaning:
Om: The sound of the universe.
Vajranakhaya Vidmahe: “Let me contemplate on the Man-lion form of the Lord who has nails as strong as the Vajra (thunderbolt)”.
Tiksnadamstraya Dhimahi: “Let me meditate on the one who has sharp teeth (which pierce the veil of ignorance)”.
Tanno Narasimhah Pracodayat: “May that Lion god (Narasimha) be pleased to illuminate my intellect/mind and guide me”.
****
Item 425
Sibi Chakravarthy (Dove and Hawk) is story is repeated by this poet as well. Chozas came from Northwest of India. They are not Tamils.
Those who argue they ruled that part of India from Tamil Nadu have no historical or literary proof. Tamils didn’t even know Indus river.
***
Item 426 No one hurts Brahmins
Poet and the king were playing Chess. The king threw a coin on the poet. The poet became angry and said I doubt your birth (meaning you are a low born fellow). The king could have chopped poets head immediately. But he did not do it and felt ashamed about his behaviour. Immediately the poet praised him for not cutting off his head.
Here we know homw much respect Brahmins had in those days. It also shows the patience of the king
***
Item 427
The Poets praise
May your life be splendid for more days than the number of sands heaped in the dunes by River Kāviri with sweet abundant waters!
Is in Tamil and Sanskrit books. Poets wish someone’s life should be like the number of stars in the sky or the number of sand particles on the shore or the number of rain drops
Item 428 MOST IMPORTANT REFERENCE TO VALKHILYA RISHIS
to the amazement of sages with glowing hair who live with air as food and roam around absorbing the heat of the scorching rays of the sun, to end the sorrow of those who live on the land!
I have already written the following on Sec.31 ,2011 on the Munis:
Valakhilyas: 60,000 thumb-sized ascetics who protect Humanity
Jonathan Swift has taken the idea of Lilliputians for his novel Gulliver’s Travels from Valakhilyas!!
Valakhilyas are thumb sized ascetics accompanying the sun in its everyday travel in the sky. They are protecting the humanity by taking all the extra heat and act like the ozone layer. They are 60,000 in number they are shining like brilliant lights because of their severe penance. They used to hang upside down in the trees while doing penance—these are some of the interesting facts that are found in the Vedas, the epics and the mythologies. Tamil literature adds more details about these strange kinds of ascetics.
Valakhilya hymns, eleven in number, are the appendix of the eighth Mandala of the Rig Veda. But famous commentators like Sayana rejected them as interpolations. The Ramayana and the Mahabharata have a lot of references to the Valakhilya Rishis. They may be considered the forerunners of English folklore: ‘Tom Thumb’ and the Lilliputians of the famous satirical novel Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift. English newspapers and magazines were publishing a lot of stories about India in the 1700s.
Ancient Sangam Tamil literature refers to Valakhilyas in Puranaanuru (verse 43), Tirumurugatrup patai (lines 16-109), post Sangam book Silappadikaram (Vettuvavari 15) and in the poems of middle age poet Arunagirinathar.
Valakhilyas were born to Kratu and Kriya. Once Kasyapa did a Yagna (fire sacrifice) to beget children. He invited all the Devas and Rishis to help him in the task. Everybody readily agreed. Mighty Indra, the King of Heaven, brought wood for the ceremony. Valakhilyas were emaciated due to severe penance. They were hardly able to lift anything but leaves. Even when they were moving leaves like ants, they fell into rainwater puddles, because they were so tiny. It amused Indra and he laughed loudly. Valakhilyas were very much offended. They made a vow to do a separate yagna to create another Indra. When Indra listened to their vows, he was afraid and ran to Kasyapa to explain what had happened.
Kasyapa lent a patient ear, but warned that he could not stop the powerful Valakhilyas. But he gave an assurance to Indra that he would find a compromise. When he met Valakhilyas he requested them to drop the yagna to create a new Indra. He also assured them that whoever they create will be the Indra of the birds and Valakhilyas agreed to this new plan.
After the yagna Valakhilya’s prasad (food offering) was given to Vinata, one of the two wives of Kasyapa. She gave birth to two children Aruna and the most powerful golden-hued eagle, Garuda. Long after this Garuda flew to Indraloka to get Amrita and defeated Indra. The Second wife of Kasyapa Kadru gave birth to the Nagas or the Snake race. Garuda on his way back sat on the tree where Valakhilyas were doing penance. The tree broke into many branches, but Garuda lifted all the ascetics with the branch and put them in a safe place.
The Rig Veda says that they sprang from the hairs of Prajapati Brahma. They are the guards of the Chariot of the Sun. They are also called the Kharwas. The Vishnu Purana describes them as pious, chaste and resplendent as the rays of the sun.
Tamil literature is very clear in saying that the main task of the short and smart ascetics is to prevent human beings from being scorched. So they absorb the excess heat from the sun by travelling in front of him. Tamil books also add they were in turn given energy by Lord Skanda and Goddess Durga. Even the hunters in the forest pray to Durga for this. Another Tamil poet compares the sacrifice of the Valakhilyas to the sacrifice of the Emperor Sibi who gave his flesh to an eagle to save a pigeon. The famous story of Sibi was referred to in four Sangam Tamil books. Sibi was praised as the forefather of the famous and powerful Tamil Chola dynasty. The food of Valakhilyas is only wind.
Another story in the Hindu mythology is that the sun has to fight a set of demons called Mandokarunar on a day-to-day basis for survival. Valakhilyas stand beside the Sun in battle. We don’t know whether there is scientific basis for this story. Mandokarunar maybe a reference to the dangers of solar flares or magnetic storms. In any case, it is crystal clear that the Valakhilyas act as the ozone layer to protect us from harmful ultraviolet rays. Too much ultraviolet rays will cause us skin cancer and other health problems.
We must be grateful to the authors of the Vedas, Puranas, Epics and Tamil commentators Nachinarkiniyar and Adiarrku Nallar for creating awareness about the dangers of ultra violet radiation. In western countries people are warned to use special creams whenever they sunbathe.
***
Puranānūru 43, Poet Thāmarpal Kannanār sang for Māvalathān, the younger brother of Chozhan Nalankilli,
1
O heir of a powerful man with endless generosity who saved a dove with small strides that came to him for protection, afraid that it might be killed by a kite with curved wings and sharp claws, and entered a scale,
2
to the amazement of sages with glowing hair who live with air as food and roam around absorbing the heat of the scorching rays of the sun, to end the sorrow of those who live on the land!
3
O younger brother of Killivalavan with chariots and great wealth! O Lord of warriors with long arrows and curved bows! O leader with strong hands and swift horses! I said this making you hate me,
4 “I have doubts about your ancestry. Your ancestors who wore mountain ebony garlands did not hurt Brahmins. How can you?” I had wronged you and was mistaken, but you did not take offense. You were very embarrassed as if the fault was entirely yours.
5
O Lord who tolerates mistakes of those who have hurt you! O Lord who has admirable strength worthy of your clan! I survived because of you!
6 May your life be splendid for more days than the number of sands heaped in the dunes by River Kāviri with sweet abundant waters!
***
புறநானூறு43, பாடியவர்: தாமற்பல் கண்ணனார், பாடப்பட்டோன்: சோழன் நலங்கிள்ளி தம்பி மாவளத்தான், திணை: வாகை, துறை: அரச வாகை
1
நில மிசை வாழ்நர் அலமரல் தீரத், தெறு கதிர்க் கனலி வெம்மை தாங்கிக், கால் உணவாகச் சுடரொடு கொட்கும், அவிர் சடை முனிவரும் மருளக்,
பார்ப்பார் நோவன செய்யலர் – they did not hurt Brahmins, றக்க நின் ஆயுள் மிக்கு வரும் இன்னீர்க் காவிரி எக்கர் இட்ட மணலினும் பலவே – may your life flourish for more days than the sands brought and heaped by Kāviri with sweet waters .
-Subham—
Tags- Purananuru Wonders -17, Ancient Tamil Encyclopaedia -Part 57, One Thousand Interesting Facts -Part 57, Sakuna, Omens, Valakhilya muni, Hurting Brahmins, Item 428
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
xxxx
Four Crores verses in one day?!
S. Nagarajan
The Tamil literature is a vast treasure, and it is not possible to learn all this literature in one lifetime.
Avvaiyar is a great female poet of Sangam period. She is belonging to the first century BCE.
She was respected by one and all in the Tamil country. She travelled widely from one point of the country to the other point inspiring people with her fantastic poems.
All the kings were delighted to have Avvaiyar in their court. They used to ask several questions and used to get amazing answers.
Once Avvaiyar went to Pandiyan kingdom and the king welcomed her with respect.
When the court assembled one mischievous person asked Avvaiyar, “You are great! Could you compose four crores’ poems in one day?”
All were stunned on hearing this mischievous question.
But Avvaiyar laughed, “Why not? I will recite four crores poem tomorrow.”
Everybody was worried how Avvaiyar could compose four crores’ verses in one day.
Avvaiyar took rest and there was no action on her part to compose any poem.
Next day when the court assembled the King asked, “Madam, have you got four crores’ poems? There is no cart to carry all the four crore palm leaves contain the verses?’
Avvaiyar unfolded her small bag and took one palm leaf, and said, “This is enough to answer the question raised by the person yesterday.”
All were eagerly looked her face.
She started reading her poem from the palm leaf.
The poem consisted of four lines.
She read one by one.
Not stepping into the place of those who is not respecting you is equals to a crore.
Not taking food in those persons’ home who have not invited you with whole heart is equals to a crore.
To get a friendship of person from a noble lineage even by giving one crore equals to a crore.
Not allowing your tongue swerving from truth even one is offering crores and crores to you equals to a crore.
Everyone was wonderstruck on hearing this four crores poem. The person asked for four crores only. But Avvaiyar used many crores in her verse and the king was so pleased that he bows down before Avvaiyar.
Even to this day, the four-crore poem is very famous in Tamil World. And Avvaiyar is being honored by every Tamil speaking people till this day.
In 1991, a 20.6-kilometer-wide crater in Venus was named after her by the international Astronomical Union.
Her famous quote, “What you have learned is a mere handful; What you have not learned can be compared to the size of the world” is included in NASA’s Cosmic Questions Exhibit.
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Tamil and Vedas 