பிரெஞ்ச் எழுத்தாளர் வால்டே(ய)ர்(Post No.9718)

WRITTEN BY LONDON SWAMINATHAN

Post No. 9718

Date uploaded in London – –11 JUNE   2021           

Contact – swami_48@yahoo.com

Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.

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வால்டேர்  VOLTAIRE

(1694 – 1778)

வால்டேரின் முழுப்பெயர் FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET. இவர் ஒரு பிரெஞ்ச் எழுத்தாளர். புதிய சிந்தனை (AGE OF REASON) பிறந்த காலத்தில் தோன்றிய எழுத்தாளராகையால் அதனுடைய முழுநிறை தாக்கத்தை இவருடைய எழுத்தில் காணலாம்.

வால்ட்டே(ய)ர் என்பது இவரது புனைப்பெயர். உண்மைப் பெயர் பிரான்ஸ்வா மரி அருவே . இவர் 20,000 கடிதங்களுக்கு மேல் எழுதினார். 2000 புஸ்தகங்களையும் துண்டுப் பிரசுரங்களையும் எழுதி வெளியிட்டார்

இந்து மதம்

இந்து மதம் பற்றி உயர்ந்த எண்ணம் கொண்டவர்.வேதங்கள் என்பது உலகிற்குக் கிடைத்த பெரிய நன்கொடை. இதற்காக மேலை நாடுகள் கீழ்த்திசை உலகத்திற்கு என்றும் கடமைப்பட்டது என்றார்.

இந்துக்கள் அமைதியானவர்கள்; அப்பாவி மக்கள்; மற்றவர்களைத் தாக்கவும் தெரியாது. தங்களைத் தற்காத்துக் கொள்ளவும் தெரியாதவர்கள் . பைபிளுக்கு நல்ல பதிலடி கொடுக்கவல்லது இந்து மதம் என்றார்

அவரும் உயர்குல இந்துக்களைப் போல மாமிச உணவை வெறுத்தவர். பிராணிகளை வதைக்கக் கூடாதென்று வாதிட்டவர்.

கத்தோலிக்க கிறிஸ்தவ மதத்தையும் பிரெஞ்சு அரசாங்கத்தையும் தொடர்ந்து தாக்கி வந்ததால் பாரிஸ் நகரைவிட்டு வெளியேற நேரிட்டது.

      பணக்கார வழக்குரைஞரின் ஐந்தாவது மகனாகப் பிறந்தார். ஏசு சமய சமூகத்தார் – இவருக்கு கல்வி புகட்டினர். இவருக்கு இளம் வயதில் தந்தை கொடுத்த படித்தொகையில் (ALLOWANCE) இவர் சுகமாக வாழ்ந்தார்.

      பாரிஸில் உயர்குடி வட்டாரத்தில் இடம்பெற்றார். அந்தக்காலத்தில் LAMPOONS என்னும் நையாண்டிக் கவிதைகளை எழுதுவது ஒரு புதிய வழக்கமாகத் தோன்றியிருந்தது.

      அவர் கடுமையாகத் தாக்கி எழுதியதன் விளைவாக சிறைக்கம்பி எண்ண நேரிட்டது. சிறையிலும் அவர் கைகள் வாளாவிருக்கவில்லை. அங்கு முதல் நாடகமான ஈடிபஸ் (OEDIPUS)ஐ எழுதினார். அதை அனைவரும் ஆர்வத்துடன் படிக்கவே மேலும் பல நாடகங்களை எழுதினார்.

      சிறையிலிருந்து விடுதலையானவுடன் இவர் உயர்குடி வட்டாரத்தில் மீண்டும் மதிப்பைப் பெற்றார். ஆனால் 1726ஆம் ஆண்டில் அவர் எழுதிய மற்றொரு புஸ்தகத்துக்காக மீண்டும் சிறை செல்ல நேரிட்டது. பிரான்ஸை விட்டு வெளியேறுவதாக இருந்தால் விடுதலை தருவதாக அதிகாரிகள் கூறினர். உடனே அவர் இங்கிலாந்துக்குச் சென்றார்.

      பிரெஞ்ச் சமூகத்தைவிட ஆங்கில சமுகத்தில் அதிக சுதந்திரம் இருப்பதாக அவர் எண்ணினார். LETTRES PHILOSOPHIQUES என்ற புத்தகத்தில் அதைப்புகழ்ந்து எழுதினார். அவர் பாரிஸ் திரும்பிய பின்னர் இதை வெளியிட்டார். இது புதிய நெருக்கடியைத் தோற்றுவிக்கவே பாரிஸை விட்டு வெளியேற நேரிட்டது.  மர்கூயிஸ் து சாதலே MARQUISE DU CHATELET என்ற அழகிய பெண்ணைக் காதலித்து அவரது வீட்டிலேயே குடியிருந்தார். அவருடைய வீடு ஷாம்பைன் CHAMPAGNE வட்டாரத்திலுள்ளது.

      1744இல் அவர் PARIS திரும்பிய போது அவருக்கு வெர்சாய் VERSAILLES அரசவையில் இடமளித்தனர். அரசவை வாழ்வு அவருக்கு இன்பம் தரவில்லை. 1749இல் மர்கூயிஸ் இறக்கவே அவர் பிரஷ்யாவின் மன்னர் இரண்டாவது பிரெடெரிக்கின் (KING FREDERICK) அழைப்பை ஏற்று

பெர்லின் நகருக்குச் BERLIN சென்றார். அங்கு அரசவையில் இடம் பெற்றார். ஆனால் இந்த அன்னியரின் நட்பை பல ஜெர்மானியர்கள் விரும்பவில்லை. இதனால் பிரெடெரிக்-வால்டேர் நட்பு கரைந்தது. 1753இல் ஏமாற்றவுணர்வுடன் பாரிஸ் திரும்பினார்.

      1755ஆம் ஆண்டில் சுவிட்சர்லாந்துக்குச் சென்றார். பின்னர் FERNEYக்குச் சென்றார். இது ஜெனிவா நகரிலிருந்து சிலமைல் தொலைவில் பிரெஞ்ச் எல்லைக்குள் உள்ளது. இங்கு அவரது புகழ்பெற்ற CANDIDE  கதை பிறந்தது.

      1778இல் 84 வயதான VOLTAIRE பாரிஸ் திரும்பி தனது முதலாவது நாடகமான IRENEஐப் பார்த்தார். அப்போது அவருக்கு அமோக வரவேற்பு அளிக்கப்பட்டது. ஆனால் அவ்வளவு முதிய வயதில் அவருக்குக் கிடைத்த அங்கீகாரத்தை அவர் அனுபவிக்க முடியவில்லை. அதே ஆண்டு அவர் இறந்தார். 

வால்டேர் பிறந்த தேதி -நவம்பர் 21, 1694
இறந்த தே தி – மே 30, 1778
வாழ்ந்த ஆண்டுகள் – 84

PUBLICATIONS

1718- OEDIPUS

1728- THE HENRIADE

1730- BRUTUS

1731- CHARLES XII

1733- PHILOSOPHICAL LETTERS

1748- SEMIRAMIS

1751- THE CENTURIES OF LOUIS XIV

1759- CANDIDE

1760- TANCREDI

1778- IRENE

xxx—xxx

tags- வால்டேர் , VOLTAIRE,

More Justice Anecdotes (Post No.9496)

Compiled  BY LONDON SWAMINATHAN

Post No. 9496

Date uploaded in London – –15 APRIL  2021     

Contact – swami_48@yahoo.com

Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.

this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.

tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com

Voltaire Punished

A French nobleman had been satirised by Voltaire and meeting the author soon after gave him a severe caning. Voltaire immediately complained to the Duke of Orleans and begged him to do justice.

Sir, replied the duke, you have had it done already.

Xxx

Imbecile Case

A rather celebrated case tried by the Supreme Court involved a decision upholding the Virginia statute providing for the sterilisation of imbeciles. The majority opinion was written by Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes and okayed by all except justice Pierce Butler, who was a Roman Catholic.

Speculating about this, Holmes is said to have remarked to a colleague

He knows the law is the way I have written it. But he is afraid of the Church. I will lay you a bet the Church beats the law

Professor Powell of Harvard was in the habit of reading Holmes’ opinion to his Law classes,

“Three generations of imbeciles are enough, he would read, adding, Mr Justice Butter dissenting”.

Imbecile – a stupid person; a foolish person.

 Synonyms: Noun

Xxx

Lincoln saved court-martialled brothers

One of the most celebrated courts martial during the Civil War was that of Franklin W Smith and his brother charged with defrauding the government. These men bore a high character for integrity. At this time, however, courts martial s were seldom invoked for any other purpose than to convict the accused, and the Smiths shared the usual fate of persons whose cases were submitted to such ar itrament . They were kept in prison, their papers seized, their business destroyed, and their reputations ruined, all of which followed by a conviction.

The finding of the court was submitted to President Lincoln, who after a careful investigation, disapprove d the judgment and wrote the following endorsement upon the papers,

Whereas Franklin W Smith had transactions with the Navy Department to the amount of a million and quarter of dollars ; and

Whereas he had a chance to steal at least a quarter of a million and was only charged with stealing twenty two hundred dollars and the question now is about his stealing one hundred, I don’t believe he stole anything At all.

Therefore, the record and findings are disapproved, declared null and void and the defendants are fully discharged.

Xxx subham xxxx

 tags- justice, lincoln, voltaire 

IF YOU DON’T FIND GOD, YOU MUST LEAVE THE COLLEGE! (Post No.4716)

Date: 8 FEBRUARY 2018

 

Time uploaded in London- 19-54

 

Compiled by London swaminathan

 

Post No. 4716

 

PICTURES ARE TAKEN from various sources; may be subject to copy right laws.

 

WARNING: PLEASE SHARE MY ARTICLES; BUT DON’T SHARE IT WITHOUT AUTHOR’S NAME AND THE BLOG NAME. BE HONEST; OTHERS WILL BE HONEST

WITH YOU.

 

Agnostic and Atheist Anecdotes!

The late Dr Jowett, the famous master of Balliol College, Oxford, was met one day in the “quad” by an undergraduate who informed him that he, for his part, could find no positive evidence of the existence of God.

Well, Mr B, said Dr Jowett tartly,

“If you don’t find a god by five o clock this afternoon, you will leave this college!”

 

Xxx

 

Voltaire’s Fear

One day. When D’Alambert and Condorcet were dining with Voltaire, they proposed to converse of atheism, but Voltaire stopped them at once.

Wait, said he, till my servants have withdrawn. I do not wish to have my throat cut tonight.

 

Xxx

 

No Religion

During the riots of 1780 most persons in London, in order to save their houses from being burnt or pulled down, wrote on their doors,

No Popery!

Old Grimaldi, to avoid all mistakes, wrote on his,

‘No religion ‘

(The Gordon Riots of 1780 began as an anti-Catholic protest in London against the Papists Act of 1778, which was intended to reduce official discrimination against British Catholics. The protest evolved into riots and looting.)

Xxx

Is Christ All Powerful?

The Little Louise Napoleon did not respond with particular susceptibility to his religious education. In the course of it, he stumbled upon one of the puzzling problems which is remarked upon by many young theological students.

His instructor had portrayed with great melodrama the anguish and suffering of Christ. Louise manifested little reaction

“Aren’t you grieved ?” demanded his teacher, “to think how these wicked men behaved to our Lord.”

“Well”, objected, Louise

“If he was all powerful, why did he let them?”

Xxxx Subham xxxx

 

 

TAMIL POET VALLUVAR AND VOLTAIRE (Post No.4619)

Written by London Swaminathan 

 

Date: 15 JANUARY 2018

 

Time uploaded in London  7-31 am

 

 

 

Post No. 4619

Pictures shown here are taken from various sources such as Facebook friends, Books, Google and newspapers; thanks.

 

 

 

WARNING: DON’T SHARE IT WITHOUT AUTHOR’S NAME AND THE BLOG NAME. BE HONEST; OTHERS WILL BE HONEST WITH YOU.

 

 

Tiru Valluvar is the most famous didactic poet of India. Though he wrote in Tamil, his work Tirukkural consisting of 1330 couplets on moral values was translated into many of the old (Sanskrit and Latin) and modern languages.

Voltaire was a French philosopher and historian who lived 300 years ago.

 

There are some interesting and striking similarities between some western authors and Tiru Valluvar.

 

Valluvar says,

‘All men are born equal, but distinctions arise only on the basis of performance,

In the respective occupations they take on’- Kural 972

 

Another translation of the same couplet (972) runs as follows

‘Alike is birth to all; but in their greatness they are not alike owing to the divergence of their actions’.

 

French philosopher Voltaire said,

‘Men are equal; it is not the birth but virtues that make the difference’.

 

In the Bhagavad Gita (4-13) Lord Krishna says,

‘The four fold order was created by Me according to the divisions of the quality and work. Though I am its creator, know Me to be incapable of action or change’.

 

Dr S Radhakrishnan comments on this Gita sloka/ couplet (4-13) as follows,

‘The emphasis is on Guna (aptitude) and karma (action) and not Jati (birth). The varna or the order to which we belong is independent of sex, birth or breeding. A class determined by temperament and vocation is not a caste determined by birth or heredity.

 

It is very interesting that Thomas Jefferson also used the phrase in the U S Declaration of Independence:

“All men are created equal”

Later Vietnamese also used the phrase.

J J Rousseau, French philosopher of the 18th century also believed in this principle.

 

Later day politicians and leaders freely used this phrase in their political speeches.

 

Tamil poet Kamban also says that one’s greatness or meanness comes from one’s action; otherwise everyone is equal.

xxx

 

VALLUVAR AND CICERO: Face is the Index of the Mind

Cicero was a Roman politician and lawyer who lived 2000 years ago. He was one of the great orators. He said,

“The countenance is the portrait of the soul”

He also said,

“All action is of the mind and the mirror of the mind is face, its index the eyes”.

 

Tiru Valluvar said,

The mirror reflects nearby objects. even so the face indicates the emotions throbbing in the mind—Kural 706

Another translation runs like this:

‘Even as a crystal reflects what comes near, within its line of sight

The face reflects the offending thoughts of the heart’.

 

‘Face is the index of the Mind’- is an English proverb known to everyone.

 

Great English playwright Shakespeare also uses facial expressions in several of his plays:

“there is a kind of confession in your looks which your modesties have not craft enough to colour” – Hamlet , Act 2, Scene 2

 

In the Srimad Bhagavatam commentary, Srila Prabhupada, use this facial features to illustrate another point:

 

SB 4.21.15, Translation and Purport: King Pṛthu’s body was tall and sturdy, and his complexion was fair. His arms were full and broad and his eyes as bright as the rising sun. His nose was straight, his face very beautiful and his personality grave. His teeth were set beautifully in his smiling face.

 

Amongst the four social orders (brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas, vaiśyas and śūdras), the kṣatriyas, both men and women, are generally very beautiful. As will be apparent from the following verses, it is to be concluded that not only were Mahārāja Pṛthu’s bodily features attractive, as described here, but he had specific all-auspicious signs in his bodily construction.

 

As it is said, “The face is the index of the mind.” One’s mental constitution is exhibited by his facial features. The bodily features of a particular person are exhibited in accordance with his past deeds, for according to one’s past deeds, his next bodily features—whether in human society, animal society or demigod society—are determined. This is proof of the transmigration of the soul through different types of bodies.

 

–SUBHAM–

Beauty Anecdotes (Post No.4380)

Written by London Swaminathan 

 

Date: 9 NOVEMBER 2017

 

Time uploaded in London- 9-55 am

 

 

Post No. 4380

Pictures shown here are taken from various sources such as Facebook friends, Books, Google and newspapers; thanks.

 

 

Fontanelle ,at the age of 97, after saying many amiable and gallant things to a beautiful young lady, passed before her without seeing her, to place himself at table.

 

See, said the lady, how I ought to value your gallantries, you pass without looking at me ”

Madam, replied the old man, if I had looked at you I could not have passed.

 

Xxx

 

Dustman’s Heart

As the beautiful Duchess of Devonshire was one day stepping out of her carriage, a dustman who was accidentally standing by and was about to regale himself with his accustomed whiff of tobacco, caught a glance of her countenance, and instantly exclaimed,

Love and bless you, my lady, let me light my pipe in your eye!

 

It is said that the Duchess was so delighted with his compliment, that she frequently afterward s checked the strain of adulation which was constantly offered to her charms, by saying,

OH! After the dustman s compliment, all others are insipid ”

 

Xxxx

 

Chesterfield and Voltaire

  

Lord Chesterfield and Voltaire were attending a reception in Paris. Noticing that the English man was being assailed by some of the ladies, the French wit said to him,

My Lord,it is said that you possess keen discrimination; tell me now, who are the more handsome, the French women or the women of your own country?

 

As to that , replied chesterfield, I must admit that I cannot say,as I am no connoisseur in the art of painting.

 

Xxxxx

 

 

Curran, speaking of Madame de Stael who was by no means handsome, but a splendid conversationalist, said she ” the power of talking herself into a beauty.

 

Xxxx

 

Someone once noted to Samuel Goldwyn the beauty of his wife’s hands.

Yes, Goldwyn said, ” she has such beautiful hands, I am thinking of having a bust made of them. ”

 

Xxxx SUBHAM xxxx

 

 

Dickens and Voltaire: More Author Anecdotes (Post No.4080)

Compiled by London Swaminathan
Date: 14 July 2017
Time uploaded in London- 10-49 am
Post No. 4080
Pictures shown here are taken from various sources such as Facebook friends, Books, Google and newspapers; thanks.

 

Meeting one’s literary idol face to face is sometimes a sad experience. According to George Dolby, who was dickens lecture manager.

During the progress of a reading, he tells, my attention was drawn to a gentleman who was in a most excited state. Imagining to be ill and wanting assistance,

I said, “What is the matter with you?”

“Say, who is that man on the platform reading ?”

“Mr Charles dickens”, I replied

“But that ain’t the real Charles dickens, the man as wrote all them books I have been reading all these years?”

“The same”

“Well, all I have to say about it then is that he knows no more about Sam Weller a cow does of pleating a shirt, at all events that ain’t my idea of Sam Weller, anyhow. And he clapped his hat on his head and left in a state of high dudgeon.

Xxxx

 

Voltaire and Casanova

While Voltaire was living in retirement in Geneva, he was visited by the Italian Casanova. Voltaire had been reading some recent works by Haller, the Bernese savant, and praised him to his guest.

“That is commendation which is indeed ill requited”, said Casanova.

“I have heard that Haller, far from returning your compliment says that your writing is more than half nonsense”.

Ah, well, then returned the famous wit with a wry smile, “it may be that we were both mistaken in our judgments”.

Xxxx

 

Dr Johnson and Oliver Goldsmith

One day Dr Johnson received a message from Oliver Goldsmith that his land lady had called in an officer to arrest him for non- payment of his bill. Johnson immediately sent him a guinea and himself proceeded to the scene of battle at his own speed.

 

When he arrived Goldsmith had already broken the guinea to procure a bottle of Madeira, and being well stimulated by the contents was berating his land lady soundly when Johnson entered.

  

The heavy angel interrupted his eloquence to inquire if he had any means of raising money, whereat Goldsmith produced the manuscript of a novel.  This Johnson pocketed, hurried away to Newbury the book seller and returned shortly with sixty pounds. This was the “Vicar of Wakefield “

–Subham–

 

Sheridan, Voltaire, Wordsworth: New Anecdotes about Longwindedness (Post No.2971)

rosevelt

Franklin D Roosevelt’s  Picture

Compiled by London swaminathan

Date:14 July 2016

Post No. 2971

Time uploaded in London :– 9-15 AM

( Thanks for the Pictures)

 

DON’T REBLOG IT AT LEAST FOR A WEEK!  DON’T USE THE PICTURES; THEY ARE COPYRIGHTED BY SOMEONE.

 

(for old articles go to tamilandvedas.com OR swamiindology.blogspot.com)

 

I have already published Londgwindedness anecdotes and More Londgwindedness anecdotes. This is the third one.

 

When President Franklin D Roosevelt was a young lawyer just getting started in New York he was retained to handle a difficult civil case. The opposing lawyer was a very effective jury pleader and completely outshone his youthful rival in the argument to the jury. However, he made one fatal mistake; he orated for several hours.

 

As he thundered on Roosevelt noticed that the jury was not paying much attention. So, playing a hunch when his turn came, he rose and said,

“Gentlemen you have heard the evidence . You also have listened to my distinguished colleague, a brilliant orator. If you believe him, and disbelieve the evidence you will have to decide in his favour. That is all I have to say”.

 

The jury was out only five minutes and brought in a verdict for Roosevelt’s client.

 

 

Xxx

 

Speaking of a lawyer Lincoln said, “He can compress the most words into the smallest ideas better than any man I have ever met”.

 

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isherin001p1

Picture of Sheridan

 

“Oh, it was a mistake, said Sheridan, I meant voluminous.”

 

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voltaire-portrait

picture of Voltaire

When Diderot came visit Voltaire he spoke so much and at great length that Voltaire couldn’t get a word in. When Diderot left, Voltaire chirped, “That man is a great wit, but nature has denied him one great gift –that of dialogue”.

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William_Wordsworth

William Wordsworth

Elizabe Barret, meeting Wordsworth for the first time, wrote ironically, “He was very kind to me and let me hear his conversation.”

Xxx

 

They tell the story of Wilton Lackaye who was scheduled to speak late on the programme at a banquet at which all the speakers had been brutally long winded.

 

The chairman introduced Lackaye, saying, “Wilton Lackaye, the famous actor, will now give you his address”

 

Lackaye faced the haggard audience and said,

 

“Mr Chairman, Ladies and Gentle en, my address is the Lambs Club, New York” .

 

He sat down and received a tremendous ovation.

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A very pretty woman, who was tediously loquacious , complained one day to Madame de  Sevigne that she was sadly torment ted by her lovers.

 

“Oh, madam, said Madame de Sevigne to her, with a smile,

It is very easy to get rid of them, you have only to speak.:

 

Xxx

 

 

A talkative lady patient came to Dr Abernathy , the eccentric English physician of another day, and talked tirelessly and tiresomely about her complaint .

 

“Put out your tongue, madam”, barked Dr Abernathy. The lady complied. “Now keep it there till I have done talking”.

 

Xxx

 

Sheridan , the playwright , on seeing a Member of the House of Commons, who had already bored everyone with a lengthy speech , stop to drink a glass of water, rose to a point of order.

What is it? Asked the speaker

 

“Why I think ,sir, said Sheridan, “ that  it is out of order for a wind mill to go by water”.

 

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