Written by London Swaminathan

Post No. 16,078

Date uploaded in London – 11 August 2026

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Item 752 Theory of Evolution again

Paripatal verses 2 and 13 compare Pancha Bhutas with Lord Vishnu. In Puram verse 2 by Sangam poet Mr Nagarajan (Mudi Nagarayar in Tamil) also we see Pancha Bhutas. Appar in Sixth Tirumurai Tevaram  (Vaitheeswaran Koil Decad) and Manikkavasagar also said the same.

Greeks did not have Five Elements; in China five elements are different. Only Sangam poets and earlier Sanskrit poets listed same Pancha Bhutas= Five Elements.

According to them Earth is given No.5;

Earth has five qualities: sound; touching/feeling, fire; taste; smell.

**

Water is given No.4;

Water has four qualities – sound; touching/feeling, fire; taste;

**

Fire is given No.3

Fire has three qualities- sound, feeling, light;

**

Air is given No.2; Air has sound and feeling;

and

Space is given No.1.

Space has only one quality – sound.

**

Those who study astronomy knows that the space is full of sounds coming from different galaxies.

What is interesting is the order of five elements.

Sound/space, Wind, Fire, Water, Earth.

After Big Bang (sound), wind was blowing big flame cooled and formed Earth; then water came from rain; and the earth appeared when water stayed within sea.

Only because of scientific thinking and only because of scientific knowledge they gave numbers to five elements.

More over we see the continuity in thinking from Sangam Age Paripatal to Appar Tevaram or Manikkavasagar’s  Tiruvasagam.

இதோ புறநானூற்றுப் பாடல் 2 Pura Nanuru Verse 2

மண் திணிந்த நிலனும்-earth

நிலம் ஏந்திய விசும்பும்-sky

விசும்பு தைவரு வளியும்-wind

வளித்தலைஇய தீயும்-fire

தீ முரணிய நீரும், என்றாங்கு- water

ஐம்பெரும் பூதத்து five elements இயற்கை போலப்

***

பரிபாடல் Paripaatal 13

ஒன்றனில் போற்றிய விசும்பும் நீயே; 18 space

இரண்டின் உணரும் வளியும் நீயே; wind/star dust

மூன்றின் உணரும் தீயும் நீயே;   fire   

நான்கின் உணரும் நீரும் நீயே; water

ஐந்துடன் முற்றிய நிலனும் நீயே: land/earth

அதனால், நின் மருங்கின்று மூ ஏழ் உலகமும் 23

***

Appar Tevaram Sixth Tirumurai

மின்னுருவை விண்ணகத்தில் ஒன்றாய் மிக்கு  1 sky

வீசுங்கால் தன்னகத்தில் இரண்டாய்ச் செந்தீத்- 2 fire

தன்னுருவின் மூன்றாய்த்தாழ் புனலின் நான்காய்த்  4 water

தரணிதலத் தஞ்சாகி யெஞ்சாத் தஞ்ச- 5 earth

மன்னுருவை வான்பவளக் கொழுந்தை முத்தை

வளரொளியை வயிரத்தை மாசொன் றில்லாப்

***

திருவாசகம் Tiruvasagam of Manikkavasagar

“பாரிடை ஐந்தாய்ப் பரந்தாய் போற்றி” (தி.8 திருவாசகம். போற்றித் திருவகவல் – 137 – 41) என்பது முதலியனவாக அருளிச்செய்தவற்றையும் அறிக.

இதில் பஞ்சபூதங்களில் ஐந்து தன்மைகளை அழகாக எடுத்துரைக்கிறார் மாணிக்கவாசகர்  திருவாசகத்தில் போற்றித்  திரு அகவல்  பாட்டில்

பாரிடை ஐந்தாய்ப் பரந்தாய் போற்றி 5 earth

நீரிடை நான்காய் நிகழ்ந்தாய் போற்றி4 water

தீயிடை மூன்றாய்த் திகழ்ந்தாய் போற்றி 3 fire

வளியிடை இரண்டாய் மகிழ்ந்தாய் போற்றி 2 wind

வெளியிடை ஒன்றாய் விளைந்தாய் போற்றி- 1 space

என்று சிவபெருமானைப் போற்றுகிறார்

The beauty lies not only in the Pancha Bhuta Numbers but also in the continuity for thousands of years. It is from the Vedic literature they got these facts.

***

Item 753

Another beauty is the same attributes to Lord Vishnu in Paripatal and Purananuru:

Eagle Flag- Garuda Flag’

Many headed snake;

Conch and wheel of Vishnu are compared with moon and sun.

***

Item 754 Kalidasa simile in Paripatal

Paripatal verse 14 is on Lord Muruga with usual details. The interesting thing is the poet’s name is KESAVAN!

But Paripatal 15 on Lord Vishnu gives us a clue on date of Kalidas. I have shown that Sangam poets used at least 200 similes from Kalidasa’s seven books.

Here is one more simile.

The most famous Sloka on Lord Siva is Kalidasa’s first verse in Raghuvamsam (a book with hundreds of similes):

वागर्थाविव संपृक्तौ वागर्थप्रतिपत्तये।

जगतः पितरौ वन्दे पार्वतीपरमेश्वरौ॥ १-१

vāgarthāviva saṁpṛktau vāgarthapratipattaye |

jagataḥ pitarau vande pārvatīparameśvarau || 1-1 (Raghu)

I adore the Parents of Universe, pArvati – parameshvara, who are indissolubly cleaved together like sound and sense (Word and Meaning)

This simile “like sound and sense” or Word and Meaning is used for Lord Vishnu in this Paripatal verse 15!

One more proof to show that Sangam poets were well versed in Kalidasa of Second century BCE.

This poem shows us the beautiful Azakar koil near Madurai, also known as Tirumalirum Cholai.in those days Krishna’s brother Balarama was also worshipped there according to the poem

Lord Vishnu’s five symbols are listed.

***

Item 755 Praying facing towards a particular Direction

Muslims wherever they are , face the direction of Mecca and do the prayer. Even the air planes of Muslim countries show this direction on the screen.

This custom is in ancient Hindu scriptures. Here the poet says go to Vishnu’s shrine ( in Azakarkoil) with your family worshipping that direction.

So even the direction where famous shrines were considered holy.

For instance, North is the holiest direction for Hindus because of Himalayan shrines. Even Sangam poets and kings fast unto death facing only North.

***

Item 756 Sexy Joke about menstruation

Paripatal verse 16 is on River Vaigai

Here is a scene portrayed by the poet on menstruation as a joke.

River Vaigai is compared with Pandyan king’s generosity.

Later the poet says,

 Relatives around a woman squirted red colour water on her. She did not wipe it completely.

Her lover came; her friends warned him not to go near her because she has monthly periods; saying this ,they laughed ;

Her lover knew that it was just red colour water; he smelt the fragrance of the water; she felt very shy; her lover wiped out the red colour stain on her body and laughed.

Though we see women’s menstruation in another poem in Kuruntokai- 157, it is indicated indirectly. This type of poem is rare in Hindu literature.

Vaigai river is compared with Ganges.

Poem about Menses’

குக்கூ என்றது கோழி; அதன் எதிர்

துட்கென்றன்று என் தூஉ நெஞ்சம் —

தோள் தோய் காதலர்ப் பிரிக்கும்

வாள் போல் வைகறை வந்தன்றால் எனவே.

–அள்ளூர் நன்முல்லை (MISS Jasmine)- –குறுந்தொகைப் பாடல் 157

Here the poetess Miss Jasmine (Mullai=Jasmine) sings about the shock she had. She thought of enjoying with her husband in bed ; but in the night she had her monthly periods; she says, Oh My God; it is dawn; I hear “Cock-a-doodle-doo”; it is shocking;  the dawn is like the sword that divides me from my lover.

Hindu women never allow her husband near for three days.  In the Brahmin community she has to stay outdoors in a secluded place. Tamil Scholar U Ve Sa. has added more comments to this poem Kuruntokai 157.

***

Item 757 Long Metaphor

Paripatal verses 17 and 18 are on Lord Skanda/Muruga.

It is about Tirupparamkundram temple near Madurai.

Here there is a long metaphor:

Elephant = cloud;

Cloth decorating face of elephant= lightning

Hall of paintings= Manmathan’s weaponry;

Running streams in the hill= quiver;

Fingers= Kaanthal flowers;

Indra’s bow= Rainbow;

Arrows= flowers;

War drums = thunder;

Yaaz /Lute music= Vedic chanting

And the people pray for their welfare and the welfare of their relatives.

***

Item 758 King’s Visit to Temple Tirupparamkundram

In Purananuru we saw most famous Pandya King Mudukudumi Peruvazuthi going round Madurai Shiva Temple.

Here in Paripatal verse 19, we see Pandya king visiting Tirupparamkundram Skanda/ Muruga temple with his family and ministers.

It is compared with Stars and Moon going round the holy Meru Mountain.

***

Item 759 Famous Hall of Painting

Though we come across paintings in many Sangam poems, here is a detailed report.

The Hall of Painting had Sun and Planets; it shows Hindus interest in Astronomy;

All the painting halls are inside the  temples, not in palaces! (Kutralam Chitra Sabha etc)

An innocent village woman asked why there is a cat in the religious painting. Immediately her husband enlightened her by telling her the story of Indra molesting Ahalya and running away like a cat.

***

Item 760   Knowledge in World Geography

Hindus of ancient India were far advanced in World History and World Geography.

Their knowledge in World History is seen in the reference to the death of thousands of kings in Kural and Purananuru; also we see seven kings taking the throne on the same day in Purananuru.

Here Vedic reference to sea is repeated.  Hindus knew thousands of rivers pouring water into sea every second and yet the sea coast line is same.

They watched the weather for thousands of years and reported the  wonder, the sun is sucking water from the sea every second; the rivers around the world pouring water into the sea, and yet it never became full and crossed the coast line.

This is in Paripatal verse 20,  Pathitrupathu verse 90 and Maduraikanchi – Line 425.

Unless Hindus pass this information from one generation to another, poets could not have said this.

That shows another fact- passing information by mouth, which we see in Vedic Recitation for 6000 years (Herman Jacobi and B G Tilak’s Dating of Rig Veda)

To be continued……………………………..

Tags- Sex joke, menstruation, Paripatal, Paintings in temple, river and sea, word and meaning, Kalidas simile, Indra as cat, Purananuru wonders-52, Tamil Encyclopedia-92, One Thousand Interesting Facts – Part 92. Item 760.