Written by London Swaminathan
Post No. 16,254
Date uploaded in London – 30 September 2026
Contact – swami_48@yahoo.com
Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.
this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.
tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com
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God King in Egypt
We have finished the first part on Dharma (Aram) and now moving on to second part on Wealth (Porul)
Points to be noted:
Valluvar used Sanskrit style: these four, these six, these three etc
**
The first Kural is a copy of Kanantakam 4-1:
Sloka 4.1 of the Kamandakiya Nitisara defines the Saptanga, outlining the seven essential components of a sovereign state: the ruler, minister, territory, fort, treasury, army, and allies. Heavily inspired by Kautilya’s Arthashastra, this verse presents the state as an organic system whose survival and prosperity rely on the wisdom and moral strength of its leadership. Including the King it makes 7.
**
VALLUVAR GAVE GOD’S STATUS TO KING FOLLOWING MANU SMRITI: And Egypt and Rome copied Hindus!
यस्मादेषां सुरेन्द्राणां मात्राभ्यो निर्मितो नृपः ।
तस्मादभिभवत्येष सर्वभूतानि तेजसा ॥ ५ ॥
yasmādeṣāṃ surendrāṇāṃ mātrābhyo nirmito nṛpaḥ |
tasmādabhibhavatyeṣa sarvabhūtāni tejasā || 7-5 ||
In as much as the King was created with the constituent elements of these principal Gods, he surpasses all living beings by his glory (7-5)
• Divine Origin: This verse builds directly upon Verse 4, which states that the creator formed a king by extracting eternal, essential particles from eight primary deities (Dikpalas): Indra, Vayu (Wind), Yama, Surya (Sun), Agni (Fire), Varuna, Chandra (Moon), and Kubera (Wealth).
• The Concept of Tejas: Because the king is a composite of these divine energies, he possesses an inherent, extraordinary potency or radiance (tejas)
**
British National Anthem
· God save our gracious King!
· Long live our noble King!
· God save the King!
· Send him victorious,
· Happy and glorious,
· Long to reign over us,
· God save the King.
·
Japanese think King is the God
Kimi ga Yo wa
Chiyo ni Yachiyo ni
Sazare-ishi no
Iwao to narite
Koke no musu made
May your reign
Continue for a thousand, eight thousand generations,
Until the tiny pebbles
Grow into massive boulders
Lush with moss
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Go to Project Madurai website for all Tamil books; it is free and trouble free. No advertisements; no cookies!
****
Following Translations are used:
1.A Aranganatha Mudaliyar – ANM+2 ( B.L. Aranganatha iyer and R. Srinivasa Desikan), Year 1933
2.S M Diaz, I G of Police- SMD, Year 2000
3.Rev.Dr.GU Pope – GUP, Year 1886
4.Suddhananda Bharathiyar- SB
5.EVS Publishers, Singapore- EVS, Year 1986
6.H A Popley – HAP (not full book; only selected couplets) Year 1931
7.Tamil Original
****
Part 57- Kural Chapter 39 ; PART II. WEALTH; The Greatness of a King இறைமாட்சி
2. பொருட்பால்- Part II – WEALTH
2.1 அரசியல்-Royalty
| 39. இறைமாட்சி | The grandeur of monarchy |
| 40. கல்வி | Education |
| 41. கல்லாமை | Non- learning |
| 42. கேள்வி | Listening |
| 43. அறிவுடைமை | The possession of knowledge |
| 44. குற்றங்கடிதல் | Avoiding faults |
| 45. பெரியாரைத் துணைக்கோடல் | Gaining great men’s help |
| 46. சிற்றினஞ் சேராமை | Avoiding mean company |
| 47 தெரிந்து செயல்வகை | Deliberation before action |
| 48. வலியறிதல் | Judging strength |
| 49. காலம் அறிதல் | Knowing proper time |
| 50. இடன் அறிதல் | Judging the place |
| 51 தெரிந்து தெளிதல் | Testing of men for confidence |
| 52 தெரிந்து வினையாடல் | Testing and entrusting |
| 53. சுற்றந்தழால் | Cherishing kinsmen |
| 54. பொச்சாவாமை | Unforgetfulness |
| 55. செங்கோன்மை | Just government |
| 56. கொடுங்கோன்மை | The cruel tyranny |
| 57 வெருவந்த செய்யாமை | Avoiding terrorism |
| 58 கண்ணோட்டம் | Benign looks |
| 59. ஒற்றாடல் | Espionage |
| 60. ஊக்கம் உடைமை | Energy |
| 61 மடியின்மை | Freedom from sloth |
| 62 ; ஆள்வினை உடைமை | Manly effort |
| 63. இடுக்கண் அழியாமை | Hope in mishap.JPG) |
381.He is a lion among kings who has a powerful army, a loyal subject, infinite resources, far-seeking ministers, good friends and impregnable fortifications –A Aranganatha Mudaliyar – ANM+2 ( B.L. Aranganatha iyer and R. Srinivasa Desikan), Year 1933
***
381.Armies, citizency, economic resources, ministers, allies and fortresses
All six make for a lion among kings- S M Diaz, I G of Police – SMD, Year 2000
***
381
An army, people, wealth, a minister, friends, fort: six things-
Who owns them all, a lion lives amid the kings.
He who possesses these six things, an army, a people, wealth, ministers, friends and a fortress, is a lion among kings. -Rev.Dr.GU Pope – GUP, Year 1886
***
381.People, troops, wealth, forts, council, friends
Who owns these six is lion of kings. Suddhananda Bharathiyar – SB
***
381.He is a lion among leaders who has these six: an army, subjects, wealth, ministers, allies and fortifications-EVS Publishers, Singapore- EVS, Year 1986
***
381. படைகுடி கூழ்அமைச்சு நட்பரண் ஆறும்
உடையான் அரசருள் ஏறு.
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382.Unflinching courage, extreme liberality, infinite wisdom, and inexhaustible energy are traits native to a highborn sovereign– ANM+2
***
382.Courage, generosity, knowledge and perseverance in boundless measure,
Are four-fold traits natural to kings– SMD
***
382
Courage, a liberal hand, wisdom, and energy: these four
Are qualities a king adorn for evermore.
Never to fail in these four things, fearlessness, liberality, wisdom, and energy, is the kingly character. – GUP
***
382.Courage, giving, knowledge and zeal
Are four failless features royal. – SB
***
382.Courage, liberality, wisdom and zeal- these four qualities form royal features– EVS
***
382.Courage, charity, wit and grit- these four
Unfailing, the kingly nature make- H A Popley – HAP (not full book; only selected couplets) Year 1931
***
382. அஞ்சாமை ஈகை அறிவூக்கம் இந்நான்கும்
எஞ்சாமை வேந்தர்க் கியல்பு.
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383. The rulers of the earth must be endowed with a sleepless vigilance, a great fund of learning and an indomitable will– ANM+2
***
383.Rulers of the realm cannot do without the triple qualities
Of alertness, learning and bravery– SMD
***
383
A sleepless promptitude, knowledge, decision strong:
These three for aye to rulers of the land belong.
These three things, viz., vigilance, learning, and bravery, should never be wanting in the ruler of a country. – GUP
***
383.Alertness, learning, bravery
Are adjuncts three of monarchy. – SB
***
383.The three things alertness, learning and bravery should never be wanting in the ruler of a country– EVS
***
383.Alertness, wisdom and decisiveness- these three
Should never be lacking in rulers of earth-HAP
***
383. தூங்காமை கல்வி துணிவுடைமை இம்மூன்றும்
நீங்கா நிலனாள் பவர்க்கு.
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384.Behold a good and wise monarch who does not betray his trust but banishes all ills from his land. He is the very soul of honour– ANM+2
***
384.The honour of kingship consists in the unswerving rectitude of dharma
Eschewing conduct inconsistent with virtue and valour– SMD
***
384
Kingship, in virtue failing not, all vice restrains,
In courage failing not, it honour’s grace maintains.
He is a king who, with manly modesty, swerves not from virtue, and refrains from vice. – GUP
***
384.A brave noble king refrains from vice
Full of virtue and enterprise. – SB
***
384.A noble leader must be brave, virtuous and adventurous and free from vices and injustice– EVS
***
384.From Dharma’s path never swerving, adharma to remove,
With courage sure to keep one’s honour bright, is kingship true-HAP
***
384. அறனிழுக்கா தல்லவை நீக்கி மறனிழுக்கா
மானம் உடைய தரசு.
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385.A true and wise lord is he who develops the resources of his kingdom, enriches his exchequer, jealously guards it and allows it to flow into useful channels– ANM+2
***
385.A great king will be able to acquire wealth, develop and guard it;
For equitable distribution on state expenditure and public good– SMD
***
385
A king is he who treasure gains, stores up, defends,
And duly for his kingdom’s weal expends.
He is a king who is able to acquire (wealth), to lay it up, to guard, and to distribute it. – GUP
***
385.The able king gets, stores and guards
And spends them for people’s safeguards. – SB
***
385.An able leader makes and earns wealth; guards and apportions it for people’s good– EVS
***
385. இயற்றலும் ஈட்டலும் காத்தலும் காத்த
வகுத்தலும் வல்ல தரசு.
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386.All sing the glory of the kingdom of a sovereign who is easy of access and never guilty of a harsh word– ANM+2
***
386.If a ruler is easy of access and not harsh in speech,
All the world will highly commend his kingdom– SMD
***
386
Where king is easy of access, where no harsh word repels,
That land’s high praises every subject swells.
The whole world will exalt the country of the king who is easy of access, and who is free from harsh language. – GUP
***
386.That land prospers where the king is
Easy to see, not harsh of words. – SB
***
386.The whole world will exalt the country of the leader who is easy of access and who is free from harsh language– EVS
***
386.If easy of access the kin be and from all harsh words free
Then all the world will sing high praises of his land-HAP
***
386. காட்சிக் கெளியன் கடுஞ்சொல்லன் அல்லனேல்
மீக்கூறும் மன்னன் நிலம்.
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387.The prince, who gives grace, and rules with love commands the homage of the world– ANM+2
***
387.The world will, of its own standards, fall in with wishes of a king
Who is a good giver, with kind and considerate speech – SMD
***
387
With pleasant speech, who gives and guards with powerful liberal hand,
He sees the world obedient all to his command.
The world will praise and submit itself to the mind of the king who is able to give with affability, and to protect all who come to him. – GUP
***
387.The world commends and acts his phrase
Who sweetly speaks and gives with grace. – SB
***
387.The leader who speaks sweetly and gives with graceful clemency, commands the praise and obedience of the world– EVS
***
387.The world will praise and obey that king,
Who, speaking kindly words, is able both to give and guard–HAP
***
387. இன்சொலால் ஈத்தளிக்க வல்லார்க்குத் தன்சொலால்
தான்கண் டனைத்திவ் வுலகு.
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388.He is a God among men who rules with perfect justice and shields the interest of his people– ANM+2
***
388.The king who protects his people rendering justice, according to the laws of the land
Will be hailed as the divine lord, by his subjects– SMD
***
388
Who guards the realm and justice strict maintains,
That king as god o’er subject people reigns.
That king, will be esteemed a God among men, who performs his own duties, and protects (his subjects). – GUP
***
388.He is the Lord of men who does
Sound justice and saves his race. – SB
***
388.He is esteemed as Lord of men who protects his subjects by upright justice– EVS
***
388. முறைசெய்து காப்பாற்றும் மன்னவன் மக்கட்கு
இறையென்று வைக்கப் படும்.
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389.The whole world shall be under the extensive sway of the sovereign who does not turn away from the bitter- sweet counsels of his loyal ministers– ANM+2
***
389.A king of quality, who accepts well-meant, though bitter criticism, with patience and forbearance
Will find all the world rallying to his banner – SMD
***
389
The king of worth, who can words bitter to his ear endure,
Beneath the shadow of his power the world abides secure.
The whole world will dwell under the umbrella of the king, who can bear words that embitter the ear. – GUP
***
389.Under his shelter thrives the world
Who bears remarks bitter and bold. – SB
***
389.The world thrives under the shelter of the leader who bears the bold bitter remarks of counsellors– EVS
***
389.The world will surely rest under the aegis of the king
Whose nature ‘tis to bear with bitter words- HAP
***
389. செவிகைப்பச் சொற்பொறுக்கும் பண்புடை வேந்தன்
கவிகைக்கீழ்த் தங்கும் உலகு
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390.Most dazzling among the brilliant galaxy of is he who is liberal of heart, gracious of demeanour, just in his dealings and merciful to his subjects– ANM+2
***
390.The leading light among kings has the four attributes of generosity, graciousness,
Justice and concern for the citizen’s welfare– SMD
***
390
Gifts, grace, right sceptre, care of people’s weal;
These four a light of dreaded kings reveal.
He is the light of kings who has there four things, beneficence, benevolence, rectitude, and care for his people. – GUP
***
390.He is the Light of Kings who has
Bounty, justice, care and grace. – SB
***
390.He is the light of leaders who has these four things: beneficence, compassion, justice and care for his people– EVS
***
390. கொடையளி செங்கோல் குடியோம்பல் நான்கும்
உடையானாம் வேந்தர்க் கொளி.
—subham—
Tags- Tirukkural Encyclopaedia Chapter 39 ,PART II. WEALTH ,Royalty , இறைமாட்சி, Kingship, God King
