Written by London Swaminathan

Post No. 16,176

Date uploaded in London – 8 September 2026

Contact – swami_48@yahoo.com

Pictures are taken from various sources for spreading knowledge.

this is a non- commercial blog. Thanks for your great pictures.

tamilandvedas.com, swamiindology.blogspot.com

xxxx 

Points to be noted:

Karma theory as explained in Hindu scriptures is used by Valluvar here. He used the Tamil word NOY, which means disease, four times in the last couplet 320. Hindus only use disease for the evil effects of karma. They call the birth as PIRAVIP PINI- meaning the disease of birth (and death) .

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Kural 314 is in Dhammapada and Manu smriti:

1-5. Hatred is never appeased by hatred in this world. By non-hatred alone is hatred appeased. This is a law eternal.- Dhammapada

क्रुद्ध्यन्तं न प्रतिक्रुध्येदाक्रुष्टः कुशलं वदेत् ।
सप्तद्वारावकीर्णां च न वाचमनृतां वदेत् ॥ ४८ ॥

kruddhyantaṃ na pratikrudhyedākruṣṭaḥ kuśalaṃ vadet |
saptadvārāvakīrṇāṃ ca na vācamanṛtāṃ vadet || 6-48 ||

Towards an angry man he shall not retort in anger; when he is cursed, he shall pronounce a blessing; and he shall not utter an untrue word—(6-48) Manu Smriti

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Kural 320 is also in Dhammapada; Buddha says

1-15. The evil-doer grieves here and hereafter; he grieves in both the worlds. He laments and is afflicted, recollecting his own impure deeds.

1-16. The doer of good rejoices here and hereafter; he rejoices in both the worlds. He rejoices and exults, recollecting his own pure deeds.

Karma Theory is seen throughout Tamil Sangam poems as well

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Following Translations are used:

1.A Aranganatha Mudaliyar – ANM+2 ( B.L. Aranganatha iyer and R. Srinivasa Desikan), Year 1933

2.S M Diaz, I G of Police- SMD, Year 2000

3.Rev.Dr.GU Pope – GUP, Year 1886

4.Suddhananda Bharathiyar- SB

5.EVS Publishers, Singapore- EVS, Year 1986

6.H A Popley – HAP (not full book; only selected couplets) Year 1931

7.Tamil Original

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Part 50- Kural Chapter 32

இன்னா செய்யாமை – Not Injuring-non-violence- Not doing Evil-

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311.Not injuring is the religion of the pure in heart they injure not for all the glory and the wealth of the world- A Aranganatha Mudaliyar – ANM+2 ( B.L. Aranganatha iyer and R. Srinivasa Desikan), Year 1933

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311.Even if it is productive of wealth and attendant fame,

Men of virtue will surely not do harm to others -S M Diaz, I G of Police – SMD, Year 2000

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311
Though ill to neighbour wrought should glorious pride of wealth secure,
No ill to do is fixed decree of men in spirit pure.
It is the determination of the spotless not to cause sorrow to others, although they could (by so causing) obtain the wealth which confers greatness- Rev.Dr.GU Pope – GUP, Year 1886

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311.The pure by faith mean pain to none
Though princely wealth by that is won.        Suddhananda Bharathiyar- SB   

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311.Refraining from doing harm to others , is the ideal of the good-harted, though by doing harm one may gain rare attainments- EVS Publishers, Singapore- EVS, Year 1986

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311.It is the motto of the pure to no one to give pain,

Even though great glory- giving wealth they win.H A Popley – HAP (not full book; only selected couplets) Year 1931

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311. சிறப்புஈனும் செல்வம் பெறினும் பிறர்க்குஇன்னா
செய்யாமை மாசற்றார் கோள்

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312.Behold the blessed souls that walk in truth; they return not evil for evil done out of malice; for that is their way– ANM+2

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312.Even to a man who maliciously did him harm,

The righteous man’s ideal is no to return evil– SMD

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312
Though malice work its worst, planning no ill return, to endure,
And work no ill, is fixed decree of men in spirit pure.
It is the determination of the spotless not to do evil, even in return, to those who have cherished enmity and done them evil. – GUP

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312.The spotless hearts seek not revenge
Though Malice does the worst in rage.    Suddhananda Bharathiyar- SB   

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312.Refraining from doing harm in retaliation of harm done with animosity is the rule of conduct of the noble hearted- EVS

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312.It is the motto of the pure to make no ill return

Even though with malice men do ill to them-.H A Popley

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312. கறுத்துஇன்னா செய்தவக் கண்ணும் மறுத்துஇன்னா
செய்யாமை மாசற்றார் கோள்.

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313.Retaliation even for unprovoked injuries brings in its train endless woes– ANM+2

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313.A vengeful harm done even on an unprovoked wrong,

Will bring endless evil in its trail– SMD

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313
Though unprovoked thy soul malicious foes should sting,
Retaliation wrought inevitable woes will bring.
In an ascetic inflict suffering even on those who hate him, when he has not done them any evil, it will afterwards give him irretrievable sorrow. – GUP

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313.Revenging even causeless hate
Bad-blood breeds and baneful heat– SB   .       

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313. The harm done even to a person who harbours enmity without  any provocation will bring irretrievable distress -EVS

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313. செய்யாமல் செற்றார்க்கும் இன்னாத செய்தபின்
உய்யா விழுமம் தரும்.

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314.The noblest revenge is to put the wrong-doer to the blush by doing him a good turn for the harm done unto you– ANM+2

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314.The best punishment for those who do evil to you,

Is to shame them by returning good for evil– SMD

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314
To punish wrong, with kindly benefits the doers ply;
Thus shame their souls; but pass the ill unheeded by.
The (proper) punishment to those who have done evil (to you), is to put them to shame by showing them kindness, in return and to forget both the evil and the good done on both sides. – GUP

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314.Doing good-turns, put them to shame
Thus chide the evil who do harm.       – SB   .       

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314.The best way to punish those who harm you  is to make them feel abashed by doing them good and thinking no more of it-EVS

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314.If you would punish those who have done you ill,

Shame them by kindness in return .H A Popley

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314. இன்னாசெய் தாரை ஒறுத்தல் அவர் நாண
நன்னயம் செய்து விடல்.

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VALLUVAR WITH OM GARLAND IN LONDON.

315.Of what avail is your knowledge of men and things, if you treat not others alike and shield them not  from sorrow and pain? – ANM+2

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315.If others’ grief, as yours you do not treat,

Of what avail is wisdom great? – SMD

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315
From wisdom’s vaunted lore what doth the learner gain,
If as his own he guard not others’ souls from pain?
What benefit has he derived from his knowledge, who does not endeavour to keep off pain from another as much as from himself ? – GUP

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315.What does a man from wisdom gain
If he pines not at other’s pain?   – SB   

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315.Of what use is one’s knowledge if one cannot feel the sufferings of others as one’s own, and ward them off-EVS

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315.If others’ pains you cannot feel, just as your own,

What good can ever come from knowledge gained-.H A Popley

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315. அறிவினான் ஆகுவ துண்டோ பிறிதின்நோய்
தந்நோய்போல் போற்றாக் கடை.

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316. Refrain from what your heart has conceived as injurious to mankind-– ANM+2

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316.What one has realised as causing pain to himself,

Should not be inflicted on the neighbour-– SMD

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316
What his own soul has felt as bitter pain,
From making others feel should man abstain.
Let not a man consent to do those things to another which, he knows, will cause sorrow. – GUP

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316.What you feel as ‘pain’ to yourself
Do it not to the other-self        – SB   

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316.One should refrain from doing deeds which to one’s knowledge will cause harm to others -EVS

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316. இன்னா எனத்தான் உணர்ந்தவை துன்னாமை
வேண்டும் பிறன்கண் செயல்.

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317.It is the height of perfection not to injure anyone in the least at any time of your life– ANM+2

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317.If no wrong is ever done to anyone even in thought,

That itself is a cardinal virtue– SMD

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317
To work no wilful woe, in any wise, through all the days,
To any living soul, is virtue’s highest praise.
It is the chief of all virtues not knowingly to do any person evil, even in the lowest degree, and at any time. – GUP

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317.Any, anywhere injure not
At any time even in thought.       – SB   

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317.Refraining from doing intentional harm, however slight it may be to anybody to anytime, is the best policy-EVS

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317.Never doing the least hurt to any with intent

Is chief of all the virtues rare .H A Popley

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317. எனைத்தானும் எஞ்ஞான்றும் யார்க்கும் மனத்தானாம்
மாணாசெய் யாமை தலை.

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318.It baffles our mind why a soul that felt the bitter smart of wrong should inflict it on others– ANM+2

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318.Whyshould man who has experienced, the pain off injury,

Cause harm to be done to other beings? – SMD

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318
Whose soul has felt the bitter smart of wrong, how can
He wrongs inflict on ever-living soul of man?
Why does a man inflict upon other creatures those sufferings, which he has found by experience are sufferings to himself ? – GUP

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318.How can he injure other souls
Who in his life injury feels.        – SB   

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318.When a man experienced pain caused by  harm done to him , how can he cause pain to others? -EVS

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318. தன்னுயிர்க்கு இன்னாமை தானறிவான் என்கொலோ
மன்னுயிர்க்கு இன்னா செயல்.

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319.Evil pursues the wrong-doer close on his heals as even tide follows dew-washed morn– ANM+2

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319.If a man harms his neighbour in the forenoon,

Sure harm will come to him in the afternoon– SMD

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319
If, ere the noontide, you to others evil do,
Before the eventide will evil visit you.
If a man inflict sorrow upon others in the morning, it will come upon him unsought in the very evening. – GUP

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319.Harm others in the forenoon
Harm seeks thee in afternoon.       – SB   

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319.The harm we do unto others will bring, in quick succession, harm unto ourselves-EVS

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319.If ere noon day you ill to others do,

At evening will ill it .H A Popley – HAP

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319. பிறர்க்குஇன்னா முற்பகல் செய்யின் தமக்குஇன்னா
பிற்பகல் தாமே வரும்.

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320.Evil recoils on him that doth evil; therefore, shuns he evil who seeks freedom from the ills of life– ANM+2

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320.All pain in the world rebounds on the man who caused it

One who seeks freedom from it, should not give pain– SMD

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320
O’er every evil-doer evil broodeth still;
He evil shuns who freedom seeks from ill.
Sorrow will come upon those who cause pain to others; therefore those, who desire to be free from sorrow, give no pain to others. – GUP

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320.No harm is done by peace-lovers
For pains rebound on pain-givers.       – SB   

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320.All suffering is retribution brought by suffering caused to others. Those who would be free from pain would refrain from causing pain -EVS

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320. நோய்எல்லாம் நோய்செய்தார் மேலவாம் நோய்செய்யார்
நோயின்மை வேண்டு பவர்.

–subham—

Tags- Tirukkural Encyclopaedia- Chapter 32-not doing evil-  இன்னா செய்யாமை,