Indiahhhhhhh———-RICHEST country in the world (Part 5)

By S Swaminathan

 

Please note this is part of an ongoing series. Read prior parts here:

Part 1
Part 2
Part 3

Part 4

Part 5 – LATEST

Tamil king who refused to take gold

The worst thing we read in Cankam Tamil literature is the execution of a little girl just because she took a mango fruit from the king’s garden. Tamil poets were so angry that not only they refused to sing about him but also ridiculed him in the Cankam poems. But one good thing about the story is that it reveals the immense wealth of Tamilnadu 2000 years ago. The story is as follows:

Nannan was a king who ruled part of Kerala called Poozi Nadu. A mango fell from one of the trees in his garden and it was washed away in the water of a canal. Any little girl or boy who sees a fruit will naturally go for it. So did a little girl in his town. The servants reported this ‘theft’. Immediately Nannan ordered to kill the girl for theft. The whole town rose against him. The girl’s father with the support of the VIP’s of the town met the king and begged to to release his daughter. He even came forward to give Nannan 81 elephants as a penalty. Nannan did not budge.

Then her father told him that that he WOULD GIVE GOLD MEASURE FOR MEASURE. But evil Nannan executed the girl refusing to accept the gold. One of the great poets of Tamil Cankam (Tamil Academy) Paranar gave this story in Kurunthokai poem 292. Perunthalai Sathanar who sang a poem long after this incident refused to sing about another king Ilam Vichiko (puram 151) just because he was born in Nanna’ns clan. Till this day Nannan was ridiculed as a ‘Murderer of a little girl’. My purpose of narrating this story is to show the wealth of ancient Tamilnadu. Look at the word MEASURE FOR MEASURE gold.

This is called Thula Bharam (Weighing in a balance). This is a Hindu Ritual followed in many temples, particularly Tirupati Balaji temple and Guruvayur Krishnan temple. The ancient Tamils were so wealthy they were ready to give measure for measure gold to Nannan. Another poem in Tamil literature says Tamil girls threw golden ear rings at the birds to chase them  instead of stones. This may be an exaggeration!

Having said ,that I want to point out the golden thula bharam of very recent years. In Thula bharam ritual devotees sit on one side of the balance and fill the other side of the balance with materials one wishes to give to god. Last year T N C Menon, managing director of the Bangalore based Sobha group of companies weighed himself in the balance and gave 70 kilos of gold to Guruvayurappan.

Gold from Holymen

Now and then we read about the CBI raids in Ashrams run by holy men of India. Very recently, when Sathya Sai Baba’s room was opened by his devotees after his death, they found 98 kilos of gold from Baba’s private chamber. They found gold and silver worth of Rs 76 lakhs from another room in addition to cash of Rs11.56 crores.But this was not a raid.

About other holy men, newspapers reported of raids in several places in Tamilnadu and Karnataka and recovery of gold. Recovering 20 to 30 kilos of gold from government officers or industrialists is a common phenomenon in India. If one could collect all the data and total them it would run in to thousands of kilos.

Gold Chariots of Temples

In Tamilnadu,Kerala,Karanataka and Andhrapradesh all major temples have got Golden Chariots for the gods and goddesses. Many of the vahanas (mounts of gods) are plated with gold. Each temple has used at least ten kilos of gold to make the chariots.

Indian Women’s thirst for gold

Akshay Tritiya is an auspicious day and people believe whatever they buy on that day will multiply and bring more prosperity to the families. Women who always wait for an excuse to buy jewellery rush to the shops and buy the gold on that day. Look at a few examples to see what they bought in 2011:

  • Lucknow : 80 kilos of gold on 6th May ,2011
  • Mumbai 1500 kilos of gold
  • Ahmedabad  500 kilos

50 tonnes (50000  kilograms) of gold were sold all over India on that day alone.

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by Tamil and Vedas on September 18, 2011  •  Permalink
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Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 18, 2011

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Tamil through proverbs

Please see attachment below in PDF format.

Swami

Palamoliyil Inthumatham PDF

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by Tamil and Vedas on September 15, 2011  •  Permalink
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Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 15, 2011

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Indiahhhh——RICHEST country in the world (Part 4)

By S Swaminathan, University of London

Please note this is the 4th part in a series. To read the pior parts click the links below:
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3

Mohmed of Gazni’s Thirst for Gold
Mohmed of Gazni invaded India 17 times just to plunder all the temples in North India. He came to know about the fabulous wealth of Hindu temples in Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat and targeted them. During each invasion he massacred several thousand people and took tonnes of gold and silver ornaments from the temples. Historians say that when he entered Mathura, birth place of Lord Krishna, there was no resistance. It was a cake walk for him. He took all the property of the temple.
If one could make a list of all that Mohmed of Gazni plundered from the temples, he would definitely find a place in the Guinness Book of Records as the greatest plunderer in the world. He will put the Spanish plunderers of Inca and Maya gold to shame. The most famous plunder of Mohmed of Gazni was of Somnath Shiva temple in Gujarat. It had an incredible amount of wealth. The Shiva linga was covered with kilos of gold and gems. He broke the linga after taking all the jewellery. He got only 20 million Dinars from Somnath temple. The founder of Bharatiya Vidhya Bhavan Sri K M Munshi has described it in detail in his book about Somnath. These events took place between 1,000 AD and 1,026 AD. Historians estimate that he took three billion dinars from India. Afgan people lined the streets of the city of Gazni just to see the booty. As a side note – a Dinar is a gold coin. Different weights were used during different times but normally a dinar was four grams.
Rajaraja’s gold donations
Rajaraja was one of the famous Chola kings who ruled Chola country from 985 AD. He built the famous Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur. There are over 85 inscriptions of Rajaraja in the temple detailing his donations to the temple. He donated enormous gold coins to run the temple. He also donated a lot of gem studded golden jewellery to the gods and goddesses. It is estimated that he donated 4,000 Kazanju (8,000 grams) of gold. Rajaraja and his family members had donated 66 bronze idols to the temple. The inscriptions describe all the diamonds, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, pearls and gold with precise measurements. He also donated huge golden vessels. Dr R Nagaswamy, famous archaeologist and historian, has given a detailed account of all these inscriptions in his book about the temple. The antiquities had a value well beyond that of the gold itself. The current location of these items is unknown; they were all lost during the last one thousand years.
Malikafur and gold
Malikafur was the general of The Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khilji. When Malikafur invaded Madurai and Srirangam he plundered hundreds of places and took thousands of kilos of gold to Delhi. Madurai was under Sultanate rule for 48 years in the thirteenth century and the Madurai temple was closed for 48 years. The gold plundered by Muslim invaders slowly went out of the country when the Delhi sultans lost power. Kampanna Udayar was the General sent by the Vijayanagar Emperor to conquer Madurai from the sultans. His wife Gangadevi accompanied him and gave vivd reports of what her husband saw in Madurai, much like a news paper reporter. All her reports were in Sanskrit poetry in the book called Madura Vijayam.
Women were very well educated in those days. She not only had the courage to follow her husband’s army, but also had written a beautiful running commentary of the war eight hundred years ago in Sanskrit. I have the copy of Madura Vijayam with me in London.
There’s more coming! In the following parts you will read about:

  • Why Roman writers were angry about Tamil Nadu’s exports two thousand years ago
  • How many Roman gold coins were unearthed in India
  • The largest gold coin of Shajahan
  • The Tirupati Temple Gold reserve
Please contact me on swami_48@yahoo.com or leave comments and feedback below.
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by Tamil and Vedas on September 14, 2011  •  Permalink
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Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 14, 2011

https://tamilandvedas.com/2011/09/14/indiahhhh-richest-country-in-the-world-part-4/

Pandya King Who Ruled Vietnam

By S Swaminathan
It is a well known fact that India’s cultural empire extended to South East Asia in the first few centuries of our era. Hindu empire existed for over a thousand years in several countries in the region. But the fact that a Pandya king ruled Vietnam was missed by many historians. The first king in Vietnam was known by the name Sri Maran. Translated in to Tamil it is Thiru Maran. We knew several Pandya kings by these names through inscriptions and Tamil Cankam literature. The oldest Sanskrit inscription discovered in Vietnam mentions the name Sri Maran. Unfortunately we did not get the complete inscription. Most of it is not legible.
The inscription is known as Vo-Chanh Inscription. It was inscribed on a rock as two parts. This is about the donation made by the family of the king Sri Maran. We have fifteen lines on one part of the rock and seven more lines on the other side. Of these only nine lines are readable. Scholars who took a copy of the inscription say the poetry part is in Vasantha Thilaka metre in Sanskrit and rest is in prose.
The king donated all his property to the people who were close to him and ordered that it should be honoured by the future kings. The inscription ends abruptly. But we could read the words ‘Sri Mara raja kula’ very clearly. Though we couldn’t get much information about this king from other sources, Chinese historians confirmed that the Hindu empire that existed in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia started with Sri Maran.
Chinese historians named Thiru Maran as Kiu Lien and said that he captured Champa following a revolt. Champa was part of modern Vietnam. The French scholars who excavated most of the South East Asian sites have identified Kiu Lien as Sri Maran. All the kings’ names who followed Sri Maran were in Chinese style and beyond recognition. The revolt started in AD 132 against Chinese and Sri Maran ruled from AD 192.But the kings’ names end with Fan (in Chinese) which is nothing but Varman. As a surprising co incidence we have both Varman and Maran names in the Pandyan Kingdom in Tamil Nadu.
There are more than 800 Sanskrit inscriptions in South East Asia. Mula Varman was another king whose inscription was found in the thick jungle of Borneo (Indonesia).
Now let us look at the Tamil literature to get some corroborative evidence. The last king who ruled during the second Tamil Academy (Second Tamil Sangam) was Thiru Maran. When a tsunami struck his capital he moved his capital to the present day Madurai. May be he or his representative might have ruled Vietnam.
Velvikkudi Copper Plate inscription also mentions Thiru Maran, Sri Maran as titles for a few kings. The king who ruled during the days of Tolkappiyar also had the title Thiru. He was Nilam Tharu Thiruvil Pandyan. We see the name Maran at least ten times in the colophon of Cankam poems. Most importantly the author of Natrinai poems 105 and 228 was Muda Thiru Maran. Velvikkudi Copper Plate says that Agastya was the Kula Guru of the Pandya clan and we see Agastya statues in several places in S.E. Asia. (See my article ‘Did Agastya drink the ocean?’ for more information) .
The author of Purananuru poem 182 was Kadalul Maintha Ilam Peru Vazuthi. The translation of the king’s name will sound ‘the king who died in the sea’. This king might have died during an expedition to S E Asian countries. So it was not uncommon for a Pandya king to travel to a foreign country in first or second century.
We have more evidence from the Tamil inscription in Malaysia, the discovery of Tamil coins in Thailand, Greek and Roman writers’ references about South Indian Marine trade to support our argument in favour of Pandya’s expedition to South East Asia. (For more information on inscriptions of Champa/Vietnam please read R.C. Mazumdar’s book).
Please do contact me with feedback at: swami_48@yahoo.com, or leave comments below.
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by Tamil and Vedas on September 13, 2011  •  Permalink
Posted in Culture, History, Tamil

Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 13, 2011

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To Master the Tamil language….Keep a calculator handy!

                                                -S. Swaminathan-

How many years would it take to master the Tamil language? The simple answer is that no one can complete studying Tamil in one’s own life time. The Tamil proverb says ‘’ kalvi karai ila, karpavar naal sila‘’(Art is long, Life is short). Another saying goes that even the most learned persons say ‘’Katrathu kai alavu, kallaathathu ulaka alavu’’ (What one has learnt is a handful, what one has to acquire is as expansive as the world). No wonder Sir Isaac Newton , who discovered  the three basic laws physics said ,  ‘‘ I was like a boy playing on the sea-shore and diverting myself now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me’’.

Tamil is a very rich language and produced literature for 2,000 years without a break. Even If we just take the poems composed in the first 1,000 years , it would be impossible to study all of them within one life time, let alone understanding the full depth of the poems. Tamil stands on par with other ancient languages like Sanskrit, Hebrew, Chinese, Greek and Latin. Tamil Cankam literature consists of 18 books; that is, 2,381 poems sung by 473 poets running into 30,000 lines composed in the first few centuries of modern era. The oldest Tamil book is a grammatical treatise called Tolkappiyam. Following the Cankam period we had epic period which saw five great Tamil epics including the most famous Silappadhikaram and Manimekalai. 18 books on ethics including Tirukkural were written after this.
If we take in to account the Thevaram, Thiruvasagam, Thirumanthiram and the Divya Prabandham sung by the great Four Saivaite Saints and 12 Vaishnavaite saints one has to take several births to complete studying Tamil. Don’t take my word for it. Take a calculator in your hand and do the calculation for yourself.

Tolkappiyam -3,999 lines
Cankam Literature Ettu thokai, Pathup paattu- 30,000 lines
Silappadhikaram -5,001 lines
Manimekalai – 4759 lines
Perunkathai- 16,230 lines
18 ethical books including Tirukkural- 3,250 poems (10,348  lines)
Panniru Thirumurai (Thevaram etc.)- 18,326 poems/hymns
Divya Prabandham – 4,000 poems/hymns
Kamba Ramayanam- 10,500 poems
Seevaka Chinthamani- 3,145 poems
Thayumanavar- 1,454 hymns
Arunagiri Thiruppugaz- 1,361 hymns
Ramalinga Swamikal- 5,800 hymns
The last three poets lived in the past few centuries. I have not yet dealt with Villipuththurar Mahabharatham, Nalavenba by Pukazenthi, Siledai (double meaning) poems of Kavi Kalamegam, 18 Puranam translations running in to several thousand lines, Kallaadam, all the grammar books including Nannul, Nikandu /dictionaries, Siddhar songs etc. Now do the maths with your calculator. Each one will read it at their own speed. If you read a few poems every day understanding every line of it, how many years would it take?

If one discovers the beauty of the poems composed by poets like Bharathiyar in the last century, you wouldn’t waste a single minute! Enjoy reading Tamil books.
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by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011  •  Permalink
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Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011

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Can you name these Tamil Scholars?

Could someone please help me identify the people in the photo??

This photo was given to me by Mr T.A. Srinivasan of Indian Express Group, Madurai.

Picture of a number of unknown Tamil Scholars

Picture of a number of unknown Tamil Scholars...can you help me identify them?

I need help in identifying the Tamil scholars. Please post comments to the blog or send me an email on: swami_48@yahoo.com.

I am also available on Facebook and Twitter (swami_48).

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by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011  •  Permalink
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Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011

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Indiahhhhhhh ———–the RICHEST country in the world! (Part 3)

Please note, this is the third part in a series on why India is the Richest country in the world. 

For the first part, click here. 
For the second part, click here.

In the last part, I looked at a small portion of the historical and mythological evidences on the wealth of India.
Leaving the mythological stuff to aside let us look at the real world. Many a people wouldn’t know that the LARGEST GOLDEN TEMPLE IN THE WORLD IS IN TAMIL NADU. Sripuram near Vellore has a beautiful golden temple for the Hindu goddess Narayani. They have used 1,500 kilos of gold in the temple. You will be stunned to see the shining gold amidst an evergreen field surrounded by the blue mountains. The saint who lives there has planned and built it according to Hindu Vastu Shastra. Now compare it with the most famous Indian wonder the Golden Temple of Amritsar. The Sikhs used just 100 kilos of gold! But it is more famous than the Tamil temple.
Largest consumer of gold: India is the largest consumer of the yellow metal in the world. India imports 1,000 tonnes of gold every year. Though a big chunk of it is exported, once again it is Indian women who buy it back it from the jewellery shops of London, Dubai and Switzerland.
India has the largest number of gold jewellery shops in the world. One must visit South Avani Mula street of Madurai, particularly in the evening. The street is full of glittering gold shops. Even the ancient Tamil Cankam literature speaks about the 24 hour gold shops in Madurai. They called them Naal Angadi (day time shops) and Al Angadi (night time shops).
Indian households account for a whopping 15,000 tonnes of gold according to the latest newspaper reports. People have grossly underestimated the great thirst of Indian women for gold. Fish can live without water, but Indian women can’t live without gold. Is it a sweeping statement? No, not at all. Look at the temple sculptures and Ajanta and Sithannavassal paintings. We have got 3,000 years’ worth of proof for their taste for wearing expensive jewellery. Even the Indus valley dancing woman wears a chain with three pendants. The Barhut sculptures show women wearing enormous jewellery, the weight of which she can’t possibly bear. Next time you visit any temple, forget the gods and goddesses and look at the beauty of Indian jewellery on the sculptures. Tribal women on the Himalayas wear beautiful semi precious stones in their chains.
Whetted your appetite? There’s more to come! In the fourth part you will read about:
  • What Malaikaffur took from Tamil Nadu
  • What Mohammed of Gazni took from Somnath temple in Gujarat and what Rajaraja Choza donated to the Big temple – Gold, Gold nothing but gold!
  • What did Indian women buy on Akshay Thrithyai day?
  • Gold Chariots of Hindu Temples
  • Gold recovered from Ashrams etc.
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by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011  •  Permalink
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Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011

https://tamilandvedas.com/2011/09/12/indiahhhhhhh-the-richest-country-in-the-world-part-3/

Indiahhhhhhh ———–the RICHEST country in the world! (Part 2)

Please note, this is the second part in a series on why India is the Richest country in the world. For the first part, click here.

In my prior post, I concluded with the assertion that Hindu temples hold more gold than the Reserve Bank of India and that further, my research shows Hindu women probably have more gold than the Hindu temples and Reserve Bank of India put together!Now let’s dig deeper and look at my research from ancient times:

1.   We had the Kohinoor diamond which is now in the jewellery collection of Queen Elizabeth.
2.   We had Peacock throne and we don’t where it is now. My research shows that it is in Iran.
3.   We had Akshaya Pathram of Draupadi (of Mahabharatha).This is a vessel that feeds any number of people with never ending food supply. Where is it? I am doing more research on this Holy Grail. First it was taken to the Christian lands and then it disappeared.
4.   We had Amutha Surabhi the vessel of eternal supply (Ref.: Manimekalai, Tamil Literature) and we do not know where it has gone.
Kovalan the son of a great merchant came to Madurai to sell his wife Kannaki’s anklet which is full of gem stones. But he was caught by an evil goldsmith as thief and executed by the great Pandya King Nedunchezian. Kannaki, his wife ,entered the Pandyan assembly and threw the anklet at his foot steps. The moment the king came to know that the anklets did not contain the pearls from the Gulf of Mannar, but gems from other territories he died of heart attack. Shocked by the injustice done to an innocent human being the queen of Pandya king also had a massive heart attack and died on the spot. Kovalan’s enraged wife Kannaki burnt down Madurai by throwing one of her breasts on the palace. But she prayed to the God of Fire (Agni deva) not to harm the holy cows, the women and the Brahmins – thus goes the great moving Tamil epic Silappathikaram. The point I want to make is to look at the wealth of ancient Madurai. (Madurai is the second largest city in Tamil Nadu, India).
In the next part we will look beyond the historical and mythological references to India’s wealth to the real world.
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by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011  •  Permalink
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Indiahhhhhhh ———–the RICHEST country in the world! (Part 1)

-by S Swaminathan-

Why did Alexander invade India?
Why did Columbus set sail to discover India?
Why did Mohamed of Gazni invade Somnath 17 times?
Knowing that India was the richest country in the world they all set an eye on India. But what about today’s India? Is still India a rich country? My research shows that India is the RICHEST country in the world. Why then when I Google for the richest country, India did not find a place in the list of the rich countries?
That is because India has a lot of unaccounted hidden treasures; to name a few, the recent finding in Thiruvananthapuram temple and the gold reserve of Tirupati temple. There is already a talk of tunnels in Madurai, Thiruvarur and Srirangam temples with a lot of hidden treasures. Hidden treasures are not the only reason. Indians are notorious for their double accounts. Husband buys something for his wife and he wouldn’t give the real price to his wife thinking that she would tease him for overpaying for the product. Similarly, the wife has a secret hidden account to buy herself saris and jewellery. Further, the road side old woman who sells idli and vadai (food items) was never accountable to anyone. India has had a parallel economy for thousands of years, leave alone the Swiss bank accounts of our politicians and big businesses.
The following is the report of World Gold Council for the year 2011:
Ten largest gold reserves in the world
1. United States – 8,133.5 tonnes of gold
2. Germany – 3,401 tonnes
3. International Monetary Fund – 2,846.7 tonnes
4. Italy – 2,451.8 tonnes
5. France – 2,435 tonnes
6. China – 1,054 tonnes
7. Switzerland -1,040 tonnes
8. Russia – 775 tonnes
9. Japan – 765 tonnes
10. Netherlands – 615 tonnes
Total reserve of the world -160,000 tonnes
Governments and Banks – 30,500 tonnes
The punch is in the last line. Governments and the Central Banks hold only 30,500 tonnes. The rest is in the hands of people, institutions etc.
You may be surprised to know that Hindu temples hold more gold than the Reserve Bank of India. My research shows Hindu women probably have more gold than the Hindu temples and Reserve Bank of India put together!
Are you shocked? Don’t stop reading! I will surprise you more with what Malikaffur took from Madurai after plundering the temples and what Rajaraja Choza donated to the Big Temple in Thanjavur – all supported by inscriptions and epigraphs – in Part 2.
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by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011  •  Permalink
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Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 12, 2011

https://tamilandvedas.com/2011/09/12/indiahhhhhhh-the-richest-country-in-the-world-part-1/

Bhishma – First man to practise acupuncture

Bhishma, the great warrior of Mahabharata period was the first man to practise acupuncture. When he was shot by arrows in the battle field he did not die immediately. He had a boon to choose the day of his
death. So he decided to lie on a bed of arrows for 56 days. He wanted to die on an auspicious day. The bed of arrows was made by Arjuna.

This bed of arrows is nothing but acupuncture treatment. Dr B K Singh of Indian Acupuncture Centre also  pointed this out in one of his lectures thirty years ago. Bhishma kept himself in good health by using the
acupressure techniques. But it is true acupuncture was practised more widely in China and the world came to know about it through the wandering Buddhist monks.
We have more evidence to show that the Indians knew about acupressure and acupuncture. Hindus used to pierce ear of babies during the first birth anniversary. They knew that the children’s wisdom and knowledge will increase after piercing the ears with a golden needle. Girls will have nose piercing at a
later age in addition to the ear piercing. People who go to fields for ablutions in the olden
days used to wear a turban/towel around their head closing their ears. In those days people belonging to first three castes (Brahmins, Kshatriyas and Vaisyas) wore the sacred thread. They used to wear the thread tightly around their ears to give pressure. This helped them to clear their bowels well.
Wearing the tuft (kudumi in Tamil,choti in Hindi) has also some meaning in acupuncture. From time immemorial Indian Brahmins have kept a tuft of hair tied on their shaven heads at a particular point. Chinese called this point ‘bahue’ meaning blessing. Last but not the least Indian barbers also knew a
lot of acupressure points. When they visit home to perform their services, a common practise was to apply pressure to particular points of the body to prevent their customers from receiving an embarrassing involuntary erection.
Wrestling school teachers also practised Varma Kalai (art of varma); part of which is acupressure. It was not uncommon for barbers and wrestlers to treat patients in the absence of doctors in ancient India.
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by Tamil and Vedas on September 11, 2011  •  Permalink
Posted in Health, Science

Posted by Tamil and Vedas on September 11, 2011

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